Hist Quiz 2

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37 Terms

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Polis
Independent city-states in Greece.
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Athens
A prominent polis of Greece known for its good navy and democracy.
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Sparta
A prominent polis of Greece renowned for having the best army.
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Persian War

Conflict between Greece and Persia, which ended with a Greek victory.
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Peloponnesian War
War between Athens and Sparta, resulting in a Spartan victory.
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Socrates
The father of Western philosophy known for his ideas on rational thought.
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Plato
Pupil of Socrates who founded the Academy.
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Sophists
Individuals who were paid to teach.
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Democracy
A system where participation is based on land ownership, with landowning men voting.
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Tyrant
A ruler who took power by force; an example is Pisistratus.
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Helot
Enslaved Greek people collectively owned by the state of Sparta.
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Cleisthenes

The father of Athenian democracy.

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Lycurgus
The creator of Sparta's city-state laws.
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Solon
One of the seven sages of Greece who aimed to balance the interests of the rich and poor.
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Hoplite
Soldiers who fought for glory, requiring their own equipment and time off for campaigns.
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Phalanx
A rectangular military formation with soldiers’ shields overlapping.
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Hellenism
The spread of Greek culture due to Alexander the Great.
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Stoicism
A philosophy based on the use of logic.
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Epicureanism
A philosophy centered on the pursuit of pleasure.
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Cosmopolitanism
The idea of being a citizen of the world, diminishing the centrality of the Greek polis.
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Euclid
The father of geometry who authored one of the most influential books.
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Eratosthenes
Calculated the circumference of the Earth.
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Archimedes
Famous for inventing a language for very large numbers and for the saying 'Eureka'.
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Philip II
Father of Alexander the Great and known for the Battle of Chaeronea and his assassination.
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Alexander the Great
King of Macedonia, Pharaoh of Egypt, and King of Persia who left a significant cultural legacy.
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Hellenistic Kingdoms
The divisions of Alexander the Great's territory after his death.
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Science
Became distinct from philosophy.
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Philosophy
Emphasizes individualism and how to live a good life.
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Paterfamilias
The father who has complete control over his family and enforces rules.
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Republic
The political system created to replace kingship, featuring the office of consul.
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Twelve Tables
The written constitution of Rome, consisting of twelve laws inscribed on ivory tablets.
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Romulus
The first king of Rome.
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Remus
Romulus's brother, who was killed by Romulus.
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Early Roman Myth
The story of Romulus and Remus, who were raised by a wolf after being thrown into a river by their uncle.
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Punic Wars
A series of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage, all of which were won by Rome.
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Hannibal
The Carthaginian general during the Second Punic War.
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Consuls
Two men elected annually, advised by the Senate, from both patrician and plebeian classes.