Hist Quiz 2

Polis = independent city states in greece

Athens = a prominent polis of greece; good navy, democracy

Sparta = a prominent polis of greece; know for best army 

Persian Wars = greece vs persia; greece won 

Peloponnesian War = athens vs sparta; sparta wins 

Socrates = father of western philosophy; rational thought

Plato = socrates/ pupil; founded the academy 

Sophists = paid to teach 

Democracy = participation based on where you lived, elected by the lot, every land owning man voted

Tyrant = took power using force; pisistratus 

Helot = Enslaved greek people who are collectively owned by the state of sparta 

Cleisthenes = father of athenian democracy 

Lycurgus = created sparta's city -state laws 

Solon = one of the 7 sages of greece; balances the rich and poor 

Hoplite = soldiers who fought for glory; has to pay for equipment and take time off for campaigns 

Phalanx = rectangle formation with soldier’s shields overlapping each other

Hellenism = spread of greek culture because of alexander the great 

Stoicism = philosophy based on logic 

Epicureanism = philosophy based on pleasure 

Cosmopolitanism = a citizen of world, greek polis isn’t the center of the world anymore

Euclid = father of geometry; wrote one of the most influential books

Eratosthenes = calculated the circumference of the earth 

Archimedes = invented a language for very large numbers , eureka 

Philip II = father of alexander the great battle chaeronea, assassination 

Alexander the Great = king of macedonia, pharaoh, king of persia, king of asia, cultural legacy 

Hellenistic Kingdoms = the division of alexander the great’s territory after his death  

Science = separated from philosophy 

Philosophy = individualism, how to live a good life 

Paterfamilias father has complete control of the his family and enforces them to follow rules

Republic = office of consul was created to replace kingship

Twelve Tables = written down constitution of rome written ivory tablets; 12 laws

Romulus = first king of rome

Remus = killed by romulus 

Early Roman myth = romulus and remus were thrown into a river by uncle and raised by a wolf and 

decide to found a new city 

Punic Wars = rome vs carthage; 3 wars all won by rome and gain the mediterranean

Hannibal = carthage general in the 2nd punic war  

Consuls; 2 men elected elected annually advised by the senate; patricians and plebeians