NUR 2063 Exam 1 and 2

Flashcards for NUR 2063 Exam 1 and 2 content

Lymphocytes

The primary cells composing adaptive immune responses, also called acquired or specific immunity.

Aldosterone Secretion

An increased level may lead to sodium and water retention.

Naturally acquired passive immunity

Immunity achieved by an infant from its parent through antibodies.

Mast cells

Cellular mediator involved in the development of type 1 hypersensitivity reactions.

Metabolic acidosis

Indicated by a decreased pH below 7.35.

Metabolic acidosis

Acid-base disturbance that may result from excessive diarrhea.

Superficial (first-degree) burn

Term that best describes a mild sunburn.

Cobblestone

Description of sharply demarcated, granulomatous lesions surrounded by normal appearing mucosal tissue, characteristic of Crohn's disease.

Evolving virus strains

Reason why the flu shot changes every year.

Fluid volume excess

Condition indicated by shortness of breath, full/bounding pulse, severe edema, and audible crackles in lower lung fields.

Redness

Assessment finding related to vasodilation and congestion in the capillary beds during the acute stage of inflammation.

Tissue Hypoxia

Risk factor for poor wound healing in a client who has experienced hypovolemic shock.

Oxytocin

Hormone that stimulates milk ejection from the breast ductile system.

Growth Hormone (GH)

Hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland.

Menopause

Results in cessation of ovarian function and decreased estrogen levels.

Graves disease

Condition implicated by abnormal stimulation of the thyroid gland by TSH receptor antibodies.

Enlargement of the testicle

The first sign of testicular cancer.

Dawn phenomenon

May be the cause if a client's fasting blood glucose level is elevated in the early AM (7:00) when it used to be higher in the latter part of the morning.

Type 1A diabetes factors

Genetic predisposition, environmental triggering event, and a T-lymphocyte-mediated hypersensitivity reaction against some beta cell antigen.

Hypoglycemia signs and symptoms

Altered cerebral function and headache.

Paraplegia

Loss of motor function in the lumbar and sacral segments of the spinal cord while able to move arms.

Troponin

Serum biomarker that is highly specific for myocardial tissue.

Septic shock

Most likely type of shock for a client with a temperature of 104 C, low blood pressure, and hot, dry, flushed skin despite antibiotic treatment for a kidney infection.

Blood pressure regulation

Adjusting cardiac output to compensate for changes in peripheral vascular resistance

Brain contusions and hematomas

Possible complications to assess for following an acceleration-deceleration injury.

Respiratory status and oxygen saturation

Priority aspects of care for a client having uncontrolled seizures.

Cerebellum function

Coordinates smooth and accurate movements of the body.

Lung cancer symptoms

The earliest symptoms relate to a chronic cough and shortness of breath

Stage 2 systolic hypertension

Systolic pressure of 140 mm Hg or higher.

Cognitive impairment

Difficulty remembering, concentrating, or making simple decisions.

Forced expiratory volume

Evaluated by forcefully exhaling air for 1 second during a pulmonary function test.

Nosocomial pneumonia

Pneumonia that develops after a client has been admitted 3 days ago.

Pulse oximetry

The most appropriate noninvasive measurement technique to assess the oxygen status of a client who is suddenly experiencing shortness of breath.

Atelectasis Risk

Highest risk is for the client who is postoperative after a total knee replacement and receiving patient-controlled analgesia.

Viral influenza feature

Abrupt-onset, profound malaise.

Supplementary oxygen therapy

Prioritized treatment for an infant hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis.

Acute respiratory failure

Hypoxemia and Hypercapnia

Mucociliary blanket

Removes foreign materials in the airways.

Pulmonary artery

Carries deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary system.

Pleural effusion

Excess collection of fluid in the pleural cavity, resulting in diminished breath sounds and a grating sound during respirations.

Hospital-acquired pneumonia

Pneumonia that occurs 48 hours or more after admission to the hospital.

Atelectasis Prevention

"You should breathe deeply and cough to help your lungs expand as much as possible while you are in bed."

Dyspnea

A subjective sensation felt when experiencing difficulty breathing.

Aspiration

Most likely cause of pneumonia in a client with severe gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Cigarette smoking effect

Damage or destruction of cilia.

Croup Manifestation

Inspiratory stridor and barking cough.

Severe asthma attack symptoms

use of accessory muscles, a weak cough, audible wheezing sound, moist skin, and tachycardia.

Emphysema cause

A history of cigarette smoking that causes damage to the lungs.

Diabetic ketoacidosis

Condition associated with Kussmaul respirations and a pH of 7.1.

Anaphylactic shock

Severe immunology mediated reaction in which histamines have been released into the blood.

Anaphylactic shock

Urticaria, wheezing, chest tightness and difficulty breathing.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors

History of cigarette smoking and elevated blood pressure.

Chronic stable angina cause

Fixed coronary obstruction.

Endocarditis

Infection of the thin three-layered membrane that lines the heart and covers the valves following dental cleansing and root canal.

Mitral valve regurgitation

Backflow from the left ventricle to left atrium.

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)

Main carrier of cholesterol.

Orthostatic hypotension

80-year-old client who has experienced two falls while attempting to ambulate to the bathroom

Kidney's role in blood pressure

Primary long-term regulation of blood pressure.

Pulmonary thromboembolism origin

Deep vein thrombophlebitis of the leg.

Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP)

Elevated serum markers for systemic inflammation that has been associated with vascular disease

Weight reduction benefits

A 10-lb (4.5kg) loss of weight can produce a decrease in blood pressure.

Increased cardiac workload result

Hypertrophy of the myocardial cells.

High lipoprotein level (LDL)

An active role in the pathogenesis of the atherosclerotic lesion

Stable angina symptoms

Substernal pain that radiates to the left arm, neck and jaw. The client describes the pain as severe and feels as if they are suffocating.