Chapter 9: Democracy in America

American politics

During the 19th century, ________ shifted toward "sectional "conflict among the states of the North, South, and West.

Congressman James Tallmadge

________ (NY) proposed that Congress should admit Missouri as a state only if bringing more enslaved people to Missouri was prohibited and children born to those enslaved there were freed at the age of twenty- five.

general economic depression

The Panic of 1837 led to a(n) ________.

Sectional conflict

Clashes between different regions of the country (e.g. North vs South) over how legislation should fit the culture

The Missouri Crisis

_______________ was a fierce debate caused by Missouri's impending admission to the Union as a state, since it would add another slave state

The Missouri Compromise

____________________ was a deal made to end the Missouri Crisis

Congress would admit Missouri as a slave state, Congress would admit Maine as a free state (to maintain the balance of free and slave states), the rest of the Louisiana Purchase territory would be divided along the southern border of Missouri (north = free state, south = slave state)

What did the Missouri Compromise state?

The Nullification Crisis

During ______________________, Andrew Jackson did not get rid of the Tariff of 1828, certain states considered the idea of nullification

Nullification

___________________ is the idea that since the states had created the Union, they were still sovereign, so a state could nullify a federal statute it considered unconstitutional and leave the Union if necessary

Dramatically, by denouncing nullification and declaring it to be treason

How did President Jackson respond to the Nullification Crisis?

Tariff of 1828

_______________ taxed goods from Europe in order to boost the North's economy

The Bank War

________________ was a political struggle that developed over the issue of rechartering the Second Bank

The Whig Party

__________________ was a party that opposed Andrew Jackson and the Democratic Party

Anti-Masonic Party

____________________ was a party developed to stop the Freemasons

The American Party or the Know-Nothings

____________________ was an anti-immigrant party

The Eaton Affair

____________________ was the ostracization of Margaret Eaton (wife of the secretary of war John Eaton) by the influential wives of government officials due to rumors had circulated that she and John Eaton were having an affair while her first husband was at sea

Although women could not vote or hold office, they played an important role by controlling influence

How did women play an important role in politics?

Too much participation by the people would “undermine good order” and prevent the creation of a secure and united republican society

Why did the direct influence of ordinary citizens on the government due to the increased participation in US politics frighten the founding elites?

Freemasonry

___________________ was an international network of social clubs with arcane traditions and rituals