diets

the smaller, absorbable building blocks of the fat that is found in the body

Fatty acid

a chemical compound formed when three fatty acids combine with glycerol; the most abundant fat in the body

Triglyceride

building blocks of proteins

Amino acids

(: water found within the cells of the body

Intracellular fluid (ICF)

(: water found outside the cells and between tissues

Extracellular fluid (ECF)

Short term, this can be beneficial; but detoxing for extended periods is contraindicated

Examples: colon cleanse, juice cleanse, and liver detox

Detox diet

Can initially lead to weight loss if calorie guidelines are followed

► May decrease plasma cholesterol levels and health issues for special populations like pregnant or lactating

women, children, and the elderly

► Dietary fat is important for hormone production and regulation

Š A _____ diet can upset hormone balance and cause health problems in both men and wom

Low and no-fat diets

The main claim of proponents is that the diet improves enzyme activity and digestion, but this remains unproven

Critics have a lot of concerns, including the risk of eating raw and undercooked meat and animal products

Raw-food diet

Physician-supervised

► A low-calorie diet is considered 800–1,200 calories daily

► A very low-calorie diet is less than 800 calories daily

Low-energy diet (LED) and very low-energy diet (VLED)

50 grams of carbohydrates based on a 2,000-calorie diet

► Leads to a state of ketosis: a metabolic process that occurs when the body does not have enough carbohydrates

for energy; the liver metabolizes fatty acids to produce ketones as a replacement energy source

► Can cause headache, fatigue, bad breath, constipation, and dehydration

Keto Diet

Similar to the keto diet but carbs are slowly reintroduced

Atkins diet

Beef, lamb, pork, veal, chicken, and eggs are staples

► Avoid vegetables, low-lactose dairy, fruits, legumes, nuts, seeds, and grains

Carnivore diet

Sometimes referred to as “clean eating”

► Differs from a carnivore diet by including fruits, vegetables, nuts, and seeds

Paleo diet

In individuals with celiac disease, gluten triggers an immune response that damages the lining of the

small intestines

► Avoid anything with wheat, barley, or rye

► Avoiding gluten isn’t necessary for anyone without a gluten allergy or celiac disease

Gluten-free diet

DASH = Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension

► Can be ideal for someone with high blood pressure with a goal of reducing hypertension with fewer or no medications

► There are no special food restrictions, just a weekly plan of a healthy 2,000 calories per day

► Focuses on low-fat dairy, fish, poultry, beans, nuts, and vegetable oils while avoiding fatty meats, full-fat dairy,

coconut and palm oil, and sweet

DASH diet

Widely recognized and accepted by the WHO

► Moderate portions of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, potatoes, nuts, seeds, olive oil, fish, poultry,

dairy, and eggs, with minimal red meat

Mediterranean diet