RNA and Protein Synthesis

RNA (ribonucleic acid)

• single strand of nucleotides

• 5 C sugar is ribose

• uracil instead of thymine, adenine in RNA binds to uracil (U)

Similarities between RNA and DNA

are both nucleic acids made up of nucleotides (sugar attached to a phosphate and N-base)

Table for DNA and RNA

What are the 3 types of RNA called?

mRNA - messenger RNA

rRNA - ribosomal RNA

tRNA - transfer RNA

What are the three consecutive bases on mRNA called?

Codon

mRNA

Location: 1. nucleus, 2. cytoplasm

Function:

1. transcription

2. carry code (message) to ribosomes

rRNA

chemical that makes up the ribosomes

tRNA

Location: travels to ribosomes

Function:

translation = transfers amino acids to build the protein

Protein Synthesis

1. Transcription = making RNA

2. Translation = making protein

Transcription

• mRNA is made by copying the code from DNA in the nucleus.

• mRNA leaves the nucleus to the cytoplasm where ribosomes will attach to it

Translation

• Matching codons with anticodons, tRNA brings amino acids to the ribosomes where they are assembled into proteins.

Proteins

buildings blocks are amino acids