G7 NH SAS Math Vocabulary

less than, greater than, equal to, less than or equal to, greater than or equal to, not equal

8.34� (bar over a digit(s) means it repeats)

repeating decimal notation

absolute value

how far a number is from zero

absolute value symbol |x|

symbol used for finding the absolute value

acre

a unit in the U.S. and England equal to 43,560 square feet (4047 square meters)

additive inverse

a number and it's opposite whose sum is 0; ex. ‐4 and 4 \= 0

adjacent angles

2 angles that have the same vertex and a common ray but no interior points in common

and & or (use in probability)

used when finding the probability of two events; 'and' is the union of two events, 'or' is the intersection of two events.

approximate

a value that is very close but not exactly to another number

chance

the degree of likelihood of such an outcome

circle graph/pie chart

a circular chart cut by radii into segments illustrating relative magnitudes or frequencies

circumference

the distance around a circle; the perimeter of a circle

combined

unite; merge

complimentary angles

two angles that add up to equal 90°

conditions (as in have/meet the following specifications)

as in have/meet the following specifications

constant (as a number on its own as part of an expression)

as a number as its own as part of an expression

constant of proportionality (k)

is the ratio that relates two given values in what is known as a proportional relationship

constant rate of change

when the ratio of the output to the input stays the same at any given point on the function

convert

to change something from one form to another

create (write)

write

cube

box shaped solid object that has 6 identical square faces

cubic units (ft^3 , in^3 , cm^3 , ...)

measurement used when finding volume

degree (as angle measure)

a unit of measure for angles equal to an angle with its vertex at the center of a circle and its sides cutting off ¹/₃₆₀ of the circumference

degree (as temperature)

as in temperature

denominator

the bottom number in a fraction; tells how many equal parts

diameter

a straight line going through the center of a circle connecting two points on the circumference

dimensions

measure in one direction

discount

deduct an amount from (the usual price of something).

discounted

to reduce in quantity or value

equivalent expression

expressions that have the same value but are presented in a different format using the properties of numbers

equation vs expression

an expression is a mathematical phrase that doesn't have an equal sign between variables or numbers, while equation combines two expressions with an equal sign.

evaluate (substitute in & then simplify)

to solve or find the value of an expression

evaluate (to simplify)

to solve or find the value of an expression

experimental probability

the ratio of the number of times an event occurs to the total number of trials or times the activity is performed

find the value of (to simplify)

to simplify

in relation to (indicating creating an equation)

indicating creating an equation

inequality

a mathematical sentence that uses symbols such as

integer

all whole numbers (both positive and negative) and zero

likelihood (chance)

the chance that something will happen

mean

the average; A measure of center in a set of numerical data, computed by adding the values in a list and then dividing by the number of values in the list

median

the middle value of a set of data that are arranged in order of size.

mixed number (decimal form)

a number with a whole number part and a fractional part

mode

the number or numbers that occur most often in a set of data

model(s) (picture/diagram)

picture/diagram

model (represents)

represents

negative integer

numbers that are less than zero

nonequivalent

not equivalent, equal, or interchangeable

nonproportional

is not proportional

numerator

number above the line of a fraction, showing how many parts you have

opposites

the additive inverse of a real number

origin

the point of intersection of the x‐ and y‐axes in a rectangular coordinate system, where the x‐coordinate and y‐coordinate are both zero (0)

original price

the price before adding a profit/costs or before deductions

oz. for ounce

a unit of weight equal to ¹/₁₂ troy pound

parallelogram

a quadrilateral in which both pairs of opposite sides are parallel

percentage

a part of a whole expressed in hundredths

percentage of error

the difference between the approximate and exact values, expressed as a percentage of the exact value

percentage of markup

percentages or dollar amounts added to the cost of sales to arrive at a product’s selling price

perimeter

the boundary of a closed plane figure

pi

the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter

positive integer

greater than zero

predicted

a statement about the way things will happen in the future, often but not always based on experience or knowledge

probability

how likely it is for an event to happen

proportion

a part to whole comparison the equality of two ratios written as an equation

proportional

when two quantities always have the same relative size

proportional relationship

if one of the related things is multiplied in size by a number, which we'll call x, then the other related thing is also multiplied by x

radius

a line segment with one endpoint at the center of a circle and its other endpoint on the circle

randomly

in a way that involves equal chances for each item.

range

the difference between the greatest (maximum) and least (minimum) values in a set of data

rate

the ratio of the change in the output value and change in the input value of a function

rate of descent/ascent

is how fast one rises or falls

ratio

the indicated quotient of two mathematical expressions

reduce (to make smaller)

to make smaller

repeating decimal

a decimal with a sequence of digits that repeats itself indefinitely

sale price

the price after the original price has been reduced by a discount

scale

the ratio of a linear dimension of a model to the corresponding dimension of the original

scale drawing

a drawing that shows a real object with accurate sizes reduced or enlarged by a certain amount

scale factor

the ratio of any two corresponding lengths in two similar geometric figures

slope/rate of change

the ratio of change in the vertical axis (y‐axis) to change in the horizontal axis (x‐axis) in the form rise or Dy. Also, the constant, m, in the linear equation for the slope‐intercept form

solution

answer to a problem

solution set

any and all value(s) of the variable(s) that satisfies an equation, inequality, system of equations, or system of inequalities

supplementary angles

two angles that add up to give a straight angle, 180°

surface area

the total area of the exterior surface of a solid

symbol for angle ∠K

symbol used to define an angle

table (ratio, x|y, input-output)

a systematic arrangement of data usually in rows and columns for ready reference

tax

a percentage of money paid to the government

terminating decimal

a decimal number that ends or terminates

theoretical probability

the likeliness of an even happening based on all of the possible outcomes

tip

overturn, upset

triangular prism

is a three-dimensional polyhedron, made up of two triangular faces and three rectangular faces

undefined/undefined value

an expression in mathematics which does not have meaning and so which is not assigned an interpretation.

unit rate

a rate in which the second quantity in the comparison is one unit

vertical angles

congruent angles that form opposite each other when two lines intersect

with/without replacement (probability)

with replacement means the same item can be chosen more than once. Without replacement means the same item cannot be selected more than once

zero value

is a number representing an empty quantity