Cadaver Pics, back muscles

Trapezius

O: Midline occipital protuberance inferior to T-12

I: Scapular Spine

Inn: Accessory Nerve (CNXI)

Blood supply: Transverse cervical artery

Actions:

Upper fibers: Elevate shoulder

Mid fibers: Retract scapula

Lower fibers: depress scapula

first layer

Number 4

Latissimus Dorsi

O: T7/T8-T12 spinous processes, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest

I: Floor of intertubercular groove of humerus

Inn: Thoracodorsal n.

B.S.: Thoracodorsal a.

Actions: Draws arms back and inwards to the body (adducts and internally rotates humerus)

first layer

Number 7

Levator Scapulae

O: C1-C4 transverse processes

I: Supero-medial border of scapula

Inn: Dorsal scapular (C5) n.

Blood supply: Dorsal scapular a.

Action: Elevates scapula

first layer Number 18

Rhomboid major/minor

O: Nuchal ligament, C7-T5 spinous processes

Inserts: Medial end scapular spine along medial border to inferior angle

Inn: Dorsal scapular n.

Blood supply: dorsal scapular a.

Action: Retracts scapula

second layer

Number 20

Iliocostalis (errector spinae)

O: Sacrum, illiac crest, spinous and transverse process, and ribs

I: Ribs, transverse and spinous process, and occiput

Inn: Posterior rami spinal nervs

Actions: Extends and lateraly flexes vertebral clumn i.e., bending back and sideways

fourth layer

#11

Splenius capitis

O: Spinous processes TC7-T4 with ligamentum nuchae

I: mastoid process, lateral nuchal line deep to SCM

Inn: posterior rami of spinal nerves

Act: looking up or turning head

Deep back layer

Number 2

Splenius cervicis

O:spinous processes T3-T6

I: transverse process C1-C3

Inn: posterior rami of spinal nerves

Act: looking up or turning head

Deep back layer

#5

Superior posterior Serratus

O: C7-T3 Spinous processes

I:2-4 Ribs

Inn: 2-5 intercostal nn.

B.S.: Intercostal aa.

Act: Aids in expanding ribcage for respiration

third layer

Number 6

inferior posterior serratus

O: T11-L1 spinous processes

I: 8-12 ribs

Inn: T9-T12 thoracic spinal nn.

B.S.: Intercostal aa.

Act: aids in expanding ribcage for respiration

third layer

24

Longissimus muscle (errector spinae)

O: Sacrum, illiac crest, spinous and transverse process, and ribs

I: Ribs, transverse and spinous process, and occiput

Inn: Posterior rami spinal nervs

Actions: Extends and lateraly flexes vertebral clumn i.e., bending back and sideways

Intermediate layer

Number 10

Spinalis muscle (errector spinae)

O: Sacrum, illiac crest, spinous and transverse process, and ribs

I: Ribs, transverse and spinous process, and occiput

Inn: Posterior rami spinal nervs

Actions: Extends and lateraly flexes vertebral clumn i.e., bending back and sideways

Intermediate layers

18

Semispinalis capitis

O:transverse processes C1-T10

I: occipital bone spinous processes of C2-T4

Inn: posterior rami of spinal nerves

Act: extension, rotation, stability of posture

1 layer in

Number 1

Obliquus capitis inferior

suboccipital nerve, dorsal ramus C1

triangle

Obliquus capitis superior

suboccipital nerve, dorsal ramus C1

triangle

Rectus capitis posterior major

suboccipital nerve, dorsal ramus C1

triangle

Rectus capitis posterior minor

suboccipital nerve, dorsal ramus C1

can't pick up minors

#18: Rectus capitis posterior Major muscle

#19: Oblique capitis inferior muscle

#17: Oblique capitis superior muscle

Not in triangle:

#16: Rectus Capitus posterior minor muscle

Suboccipital Triangle: Superomedial border--rectus capitis posterior maj; superolateral border--obliquus capitis superior; inferolateral border--obliquus capitis inferior

Suboccipital Triangle: Roof: semispinalis capitis; floor--posterior atlanto-occipital membrane

Inn: suboccipital nerve (posterior ramus C1)

B.S.: Vertebral artery

Action: Postural

Find and name the parts of the triangle. Which part isnt the triangle?

Semispinalis cervicis muscle

O:transverse processes C1-T10

I:occipital bone spinous processes of C2-T4

Inn: posterior rami of spinal nerves

Act: extension, rotation, stability of posture

#21 (Muscle)

1. Brachial plexus

2. Axillary artery

What BV's run under the pectoralis minor?

O: stabilizes joint to prevent anterior dislocation, internally rotates and adducts humerus

I: Upper shaft of humerus

A

Pectoralis Major

O: Sternocostal portion of sternum, sternum and adj 6 costal cartilage, medial portion of clavicle (head of clavicle)

I: Upper shaft of humerus

Inn: Upper fibers: lateral pec n., lower fibers are innervated by your lateral and medial pec nerves

Act: Adduction and internal rotation at humerus, horizontally adducts humerus, flexion and internal rotation at shoulder joint.

Pectoralis Major

O: Ribs 3-6 near costal cartilages

I: Coracoid process of scapula

Inn: Medial Pectoralis n (C8-T1)

Act: Stabalized scapula by bringing it anteriorly and inferriorly against the thoracic wall.

Pectoralis minor

O: Between first rib and costal cartillage

I: Inferior surface of clavicle

Inn: N. Subclavius (C5-C6)

Subclavius

1) Synovial joints of vertebral column

2) Deep back mm.

3) skin

What does your post. ramus innervate?

1) Ant and lat. trunk- Innerate your muslces and skin

2) Upper/lower extremety Ant Rami: Merge with other ant. rami forming plexus (like brachial, etc) to form yoru peripheral nerves

What does your Ant. Ramus innervate?

1) Azygos or hemiazygos venous systems which go onto drain into the SVC

The post. intercostal vv. anastomose with the ant. intercostal vv. to drain into what?

1) Azygos

2) L. Brachiocephalic v.

The R. superior intercostal drains into ____ and the left superior intercostal drains into ____

1st: Lat 1st rib but medial to the pec minor

2nd: Deep to the pec minor

3rd: Lat pectoralis minor/ inf. teres major

Where are each of the 3 parts of the axillary artery located?

Axillary

Which artery is found under the p. minor?

Cephalic

Which vein is known to be found b/t your deltoid and pec major?

1) Axillary A and V

2) Lymphatic vessels and nodes

3) Brachial plexus

What are the contents of your axillary?

1) Thoracic aorta

2) Sublavian

Where does your blood supply to your thorax come from?

1 = rectus capitis posterior minor;

2 = rectus capitis posterior major;

3 = obliquus capitis superioris;

4 = obliquus capitis inferioris;

5 = greater occipital nerve;

6 = occipital artery