Evo Psych EXAM 2

What evolved to solve the adaptive problem of selecting a mate who is able to invest?

Social status.

Facial and body symmetry reflect what?

Good health.

What emotion is found cross-culturally according to your textbook?

Love.

In personal ads, what type of man are women more likely to respond positively to?

Older men with higher incomes.

Who prefers mates similar to them in political orientation, world views, and intellectual level?

Both men and women.

Who values economic resources in a potential mate more than men?

Women.

What does reproductive value refer to?

The number of children a woman is likely to have in the future.

What waist-to-hip ratio do men find most attractive in women?

.7

Men's preference for youth in a mate is found across what?

Cultures.

Men gain increased paternity certainty from marriage by virtue of gaining greater what?

Exclusive sexual access to a partner.

With respect to attractiveness in a potential mate, who values it more?

Men value attractiveness more than women.

Compared with species with lesser amounts of sperm competition, the testes of species with high amounts of sperm competition

Are larger.

What did Baker and Bellis find about men's sperm count as a function of time apart?

It increased.

What do women, more than men, fantasize about?

Someone with whom they are already romantically involved.

A woman retains what when she has an orgasm?

More sperm.

What is not one of the hypothesized benefits to women for short-term mating?

Parental investment.

What personality characteristics are associated with interest in short-term mating?

Extraversion, low levels of agreeableness, and low levels of conscientiousness.

What is not evidence that Thornhill and Palmer present for the position that rape is an adaptation?

Rape reflects men's desire for sexual novelty.

Men interpret smiling and friendliness by women as indicating what?

More sexual interest.

Which mate-retention tactic do women use more than men?

Jealousy induction.

Mate retention tactics are more likely to be used for a younger mate by whom?

Only by men.

What did women married to men who devoted more effort to status striving report?

More use of mate-retention tactics. (e.g., emotional manipulation, appearance enhancement).

What happens to men's mate-retention efforts when his mate is ovulating?

They increase.

What does paternity uncertainty imply?

That there is always some probability that another male has fertilized the female’s egg(s).

Children living with one genetic parent and one stepparent are roughly how much more likely to be murdered?

40 to 100 times more likely.

The risk of being murdered by a genetic parent or stepparent _______ as children get how old?

decreases

What is the core insight of the Trivers-Willard hypothesis?

Parents will produce more sons and invest more in sons when in good condition.

The likelihood of an infant being killed by its mother is highest for whom?

Younger women (under 20 years).

What hormones produced by the fetus has an effect of allowing it to remain implanted?

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).

Who invests more in their grandchildren, according to research?

Maternal grandmothers.

What is Hamilton’s rule used to explain?

Altruism.

Daly, Salmon, and Wilson proposed that certain aspects of kinship psychology would be universal (i.e., found in all cultures). According to your book, which of the following is NOT one universal aspect?

Bidirectionality of kin altruism.

Children in households with a stepfather and half-sibs showed what levels of cortisol?

The highest levels of cortisol.

In studies examining investments in children, who invests more?

Maternal aunts invest more than paternal aunts.

Emotional closeness and a willingness to act altruistically are related to what?

Genetic relatedness.