chpt 15- darwin and evolution

darwin’s past and where he traveled

• travels started dec 1831 on the HMS Beagle

• first went to med school but could not stomache it, became a clergyman instead

• has a strong interest in natural science and interned with a botanist and geologist

• trip was around south america, including the Galapagos islands

who was Linnaeus? (1707-1778)

• made the biomial nomenclature (look at image)

• classified all known plants

• believed in special creation (god made all) with fixity of species (species do NOT change, no evolution),

• scala naturae = natural order: simple on bottom, man on top

who was LeClerc? (1707-1788)

• made a 44 volume history of all known plants and animals

• studied/hypothesized on influences of environment, migration, etc

who was Erasmus Darwin? (1731-1802)

• charles darwin’s grandpa!

• physician/naturalist

• he believed in the possibility of evolution, he js didn’t have any mechanism/process for it though

• he looked at vestigal structures (anatomical structures that apparently functioned in an ancestor but have since lost their function- tail bone. remember the whole whale thing!)

who was Cuvier? (1769-1832)

• studied comparative anatomy for classification

• founded/father of paleontology (the scientific study of ancient life, using fossils to learn about the history of life on earth)

• believed in fixity of species/special creation

• believed in catastrophism (the idea that the Earth's geology and life forms were shaped by a series of sudden, short-lived, and violent events, such as natural disasters)

catastrophe with repopulation gives APPEARANCE of evolution

basically, it LOOKS like its change over time, but it’s js cus a catastrophe wiped out a bunch of species

who was Lamarck? (1744-1829)