5.1-5.3 Redox reactions and Oxidation and reduction

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14 Terms

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Reduction
________ is a reaction in which an element, ion or compound gains electrons.
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Copper ions
________ have been reduced as the oxidation state has decreased from +2 in Cu2+ to 0 in Cu and they have gained electrons:
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Aluminium
________ in a compound usually has the oxidation state +3.
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II
Iron can form ions with a 2+ charge, called iron (________) ions or a 3+ charge, called iron (III) ions.
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Roman numeral
The ________ is the oxidation state of the element.
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Transition elements
________ can bond in different ways by forming ions with different charges.
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CuO
The ________ is reduced to Cu by gaining electrons and has oxidised the hydrogen, so the oxidising agent is therefore copper oxide.
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Oxidation
________ is a reaction in which an element, ion or compound loses electrons.
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process of reduction
The ________ is very important in the chemical industry as a means of extracting metals from their ores.
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iron
When ________ reacts with oxygen to form ________ oxide, the formula depends on the oxidation state of the ________ ions.
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Reduction
________ is gain of electrons, loss of oxygen.
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Oxidation
________ is the loss of electrons, gain of oxygen.
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Oxidation and reduction in terms of electron transfer can be remembered by the mnemonic 'OIL RIG'
 Oxidation Is Loss of electrons, Reduction Is Gain of electrons
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Example redox equation
electron loss/gain and oxidation state