Benzene Reactions

Oxidation

Free-Radical Bromination

E1 Elimination

SN2 Substitution

Birch Reduction

Bromination

Br2 + AlBr3

Chlorination

Cl2 + AlCl3

Nitration

HNO3 + H2SO4

Sulfonation/Desulfonation

Fuming/Dilute H2SO4

Fiedel Crafts Alkylation

CH3Cl + AlCl3

Friedel Crafts Acylation

Reduction of NO2

1) Fe or Zn, HCl

2)NaOH

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1) LiAlH4

2) H3O+ (Dilute Acid)

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1) Zn(Hg)2, Hcl

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1) H2, Pt

Benzylic bromination (Bromination Onto Methyl)

Excess NBS

Oxidation of Methyl

KMnO4

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H2CRO4, Heat

Clemmenson Reduction

Diazonium Formation

Sandmeyer Reaction

X = Cl, Br, Cn (no F or I)

Schiemann Reaction

Diazonium + H2O + Heat

Diazonium Salt + KI

Diazonium Salt + H3PO2

Benzene

Reduction of multiple groups at once

H2 + Pt

PCC