02_Lecture_W16_post__2_

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15 Terms

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Matter
Anything that occupies space and has mass.
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Element
A substance that cannot be broken down into other substances.
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Atomic number
The number of protons in an atom, determining the specific element.
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Mass number
The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom.
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Isotope
Alternate mass forms of an element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
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Covalent bond
A chemical bond formed when two atoms share one or more electrons.
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Ionic bond
A bond formed between oppositely charged ions due to the transfer of electrons.
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Electronegativity
An atom's attraction for shared electrons in a covalent bond.
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Hydrogen bond
Weak electrical attraction between neighboring water molecules due to polarity.
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Solvent
The dissolving agent in a solution.
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Cohesion
The tendency of water molecules to stick together due to hydrogen bonding.
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Acid
A chemical compound that releases H+ ions into a solution.
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Base
A compound that accepts H+ ions from a solution.
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Buffer
Substances that resist pH change by accepting or donating H+ ions.
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Trace elements
Elements required in very small amounts for biological processes.