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anticlericism
Opposition to the clergy.
Charles V
Holy Roman Empire; fought for decades against Protestantism in Germanic states
Edict of Nantes
A document issued by Henry IV of France in 1598, granting liberty of conscience and of public worship to Calvinists, which helped restore peace in France.
Elizabeth l
Long reigning queen of England; systemitized the doctrines and practices of the Church of England
Henry ll
king of France; issued the Edict of Nantes promising religious toleration to Protestants in France
Henry VIII
king of England; brought Protestantism to England in the form of the Church of England of which he was head
Holy Office
The official Roman Catholic agency founded in 1542 to combat international doctrinal heresy.
Huguenots
French Calvinists
indulgence
document issued by the Catholic Church lessening penance or time in purgatory, widely believed to bring forgiveness of all sins.
Jesuits
Members of the Society of Jesus, founded by Ignatius Loyola, whose goal was the spread of the Roman Catholic faith.
John Calvin
Theologian and magistrate in Geneva
Martin Luther
Initiated the Protestant reformation in 1517
politiques
Catholic and Protestant moderates who held that only a strong monarchy could save France from total collapse.
predestination
The teaching that God has determined the salvation or damnation of individuals based on his will and purpose, not on their merit or works.
Protestant
The name originally given to followers of Luther, which came to mean all non-Catholic Western Christian groups.
Spanish Armada
The fleet sent by Philip II of Spain in 1588 against England as a religious crusade against Protestantism. Weather and the English fleet defeated it.
The Institutes of the Christian Religion
Calvin's formulation of Christian doctrine, which became a systematic theology for Protestantism.
Union of Utrecht
The alliance of seven northern provinces (led by Holland) that declared its independence from Spain and formed the United Provinces of the Netherlands.
