Chapter+5+students

What are Piaget's four stages of cognitive development in order?

Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete operations, Formal operations.

What is the process of using existing schemes to interpret new experiences called?

Assimilation.

What is the term for making new schemes or altering existing ones to incorporate new information?

Accommodation.

What is the focus of Piaget's Sensorimotor Stage?

Building schemes through sensory and motor exploration.

At what age does the Sensorimotor Stage take place according to Piaget?

Birth to age 2.

What are the six substages of Piaget's Sensorimotor Stage?

Reflexive Schemes, Primary Circular Reactions, Secondary Circular Reactions, Coordination of Secondary Circular Reactions, Tertiary Circular Reactions, Mental Representation.

What is Object Permanence?

Understanding that objects continue to exist even when out of sight.

At what age do infants show rudimentary expectations of object permanence?

2 months.

According to modern studies, when do babies demonstrate clear signs of object permanence?

As young as 4 months.

What is Deferred Imitation?

The ability to remember and replicate the behavior of models who are not present.

What does the information-processing system allow for in cognitive development?

It coordinates incoming information with existing information, controls attention, and aids in memory and problem solving.

What is the significance of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development?

They help identify children with significant developmental delays.

What is the Behaviorist view of language development?

Language begins with babbling and is reinforced by parents through corrections and rewards.

What is the Language Acquisition Device (LAD) according to Noam Chomsky?

An innate processor that contains the grammatical structure of all human languages.

What is the difference between receptive and expressive language?

Receptive language is understanding words, while expressive language is the production of words.

What are Holophrases?

Single words combined with gestures to convey complete thoughts.

What impact does the quality of home literacy experiences have on vocabulary development?

Children with enriched home literacy experiences tend to have larger vocabularies.

What is the term for the rapid growth of vocabulary typically seen between 16 and 24 months?

Naming Explosion.

What is the critical period hypothesis in language development?

The theory that there is an optimal window for acquiring language, typically before puberty.

What is pragmatics in language?

The study of how context influences the interpretation of meaning in language.

What are the two main components of a language?

Phonetics (sounds) and syntax (structure).

What are the stages of Piaget's cognitive development in order?

1. Sensorimotor 2. Preoperational 3. Concrete Operations 4. Formal Operations.

What are the stages of language acquisition in order?

1. Pre-linguistic stage 2. Holophrastic stage 3. Two-word stage 4. Telegraphic speech.

What are the stages of grief in order according to Kübler-Ross?

1. Denial 2. Anger 3. Bargaining 4. Depression 5. Acceptance.