THE LIVING WORLD (ncert)

Twin characteristics of growth

Increase in size

increase in mass

in higher organisms growth and reproduction are?

mutually exclusive events

Definingproperties of life

Consciousness

Cellular organisation

True regeneration is observed in

Planaria

Fungi multiply and spread easily via

Asexual spores

mode of reproduction in yeast and hydra

budding

Fragmentation occurs in

Spirogyra

Protonema of mosses

Filamentous algae

Fungi

Is reproduction an all inclusive defining property of living organisms? why?

No. Mules, workers bees and some human couples are sterile.

Metabolism

All of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism

metabolic reactions in cell free systems

isolated, oustide the body of an organism. IS neither living nor non-living.

(aren't living things but are living rxns)

Only self-conscious beings?

humans

are properties of tissues present in their constituent cells?

no, they arise as a result of interactions among the constituent cells.

define living organisms

self-replicating, self-evolving, and self-regulating evolving interactive systems capable of reaction to external stimuli

how are organisms from the past, present and future linked to each other?

sharing of common genetic material upto varying degrees

number of species known and desribed

1.7-1.8 million

scientific names for plants

ICBN

scientific names for animals

ICZN

two components of a name

generic name and specific epithet

binomial nomenclature was given by

Carolus Linneaus

scientific term for categories of classsification?

taxa

process of classification is called

taxonomy

essentials fo taxonomic studies

external and internal structure

cell structure

development process

ecological information

Systematics

study of the diversity of life and the evolutionary relationships between organisms

systema means

systemic arrangement

Title of Linnneaus' publication

Systema Naturae

unit of classification

taxa/taxon/rank

group/category/rank relation

group denotes category

category denotes rank

taxonomic groups are

distinct biological entities and not just morphological aggregates

Panthera leo

lion

Panthera tigris

tiger

solanum nigrum

black nightshade

solanum melongena

eggplant

Panthera pardus

leopard

Family of Solanum

Solanaceae

Family of Petunia

Solanaceae

Family of Datura

Solanaceae

Order of Solanaceae

Polymoniales

Order of Convulvalceae

Polymoniales

Order of Canidae and Felidae

Carnivora

Order of Moneky, Gorilla, Gibbon

Primata

Biological name for Housefly

Musca domestica

biological name for Mango

Mangifera indica

biologicak name for Wheat

Triticum aestivum

Family of Man

Hominidae

Family of Housefly

Muscidae

Family of Mango

Anacardiceae

Family of Wheat

Poaceae

Order of Man

Primata

Order of Housefly

Diptera

Order of Mango

Sapindales

Order of Wheat

Poales

Class of Human

Mammalia

Class of Housefly

Insecta

Class of Mango

Dicotyledonae

Class of Wheat

Monocotyledonae

quick referral system in taxonomy

herbariums

plants in botanical gardens are for the purpose of?

identification

Indian Botanical Garden is in

Howrah

National botanical garden is in

Lucknow

each statement of key is called a

lead

nature of keys

analytical

recording descriptions

flora, manuals, monographs, catalogues

Monographs have info on

only one taxon