NURS 309: UNIT 1 - TOPIC 6: BASICS OF THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

What are adrenergic receptors and where are they located?

Adrenergic receptors are receptors for the sympathetic neurotransmitters and are located throughout the body.

What are the two main types of adrenergic receptors?

Alpha-adrenergic receptors and beta-adrenergic receptors.

What effects do adrenergic receptors have on the body?

They cause vasoconstriction and stimulate the central nervous system (CNS).

What are dopaminergic receptors and what do they respond to?

Dopaminergic receptors respond only to dopamine.

What is the effect of dopaminergic receptor stimulation?

They dilate arteries to increase blood flow to vital organs.

What are the primary neurotransmitters of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS)?

Norepinephrine and epinephrine

Where are alpha receptors of the SNS primarily located?

Throughout the circulatory system, specifically the vasculature

What does activation of beta receptors in the SNS involve?

Activating beta 1, beta 2, or both receptors

Where are beta 1 receptors located?

Heart

Where are beta 2 receptors located?

Lungs

What neurotransmitters are associated with the parasympathetic nervous system?

Acetylcholine (ACh)

What are the receptors of the parasympathetic nervous system?

Nicotinic and muscarinic receptors

What is the function of nicotinic receptors in the parasympathetic nervous system?

Control voluntary muscle movement and stimulate release of epinephrine (adrenaline)

What is the function of muscarinic receptors in the parasympathetic nervous system?

Regulate rest and digest activities

Which organs and systems are affected by the sympathetic nervous system (SNS)?

Heart, blood vessels/vasculature, lungs, kidneys, gastrointestinal system, genitourinary system

Which organs and systems are affected by the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)?

Heart, lungs, gastrointestinal system, genitourinary system (primarily promotes rest-and-digest functions)