National and global energy resources

3 fossil fuels

coal, oil and gas

uses of energy

\: transport, electricity generation and heating

A renewable energy resource is

replenished as it is used

renewable energy rescourses

biofuels, wind, hydroelectricity, geothermal, the tides, the Sun and water waves.

non renewable rescources

coal, oil, gas and nuclear fuel

How does solar energy produce electricity

1. sunlight transfers energy to the solar cells panels
2. Solar cells absorb these light waves and create an electric current without a generator.
3. Some solar cells use heat from the sun to boil water, create steam and rotate a turbine, which turns a generator.

solar advantages ad diadvantages

advantages

* remote locations
* very cheap to maintain
* no greenhouse gasses

disadvantages

* dependent on weather
* expensive to install
* can’t supply large demand

fossil fuels advantages and disadvantages

advatanges

* reliable and on demand electricity

disadvantages

* contributes to global warming
* inefficient (large quantities produce little energy)
* non rewable

how does geothermal energy produce electricity

1. in volcanic areas, magma heats rocks
2. hot rocks heat water in pipes
3. the water turns to steam and turns a turbine
4. the turbine turns the generator to generate electricity

geothermal advantages and disadvantages

advantages

* renewable
* reliable
* no polluntants

disadvantages

* only certian locations
* expensive to set up and maintain
* can cause instability in nearby areas

wind energy advantages and disadvantages

advantages

* renewable
* No pollutant gasses
* Low cost

Disadvantages

* Visual and noise pollution
* Unreliable

How does wind generate electricity?

1. Winds are created by a difference in air pressure
2. wind blows it rotates a wind turbine
3. which turns a generator to produce electricity

Hydroelectric power advantages and disadvantages

Advantages

* renewable
* produces lots of energy
* Reliable

Disadvantages

* Can change the paths of rivers and effect wildlife
* Not many suitable locations

How does hydroelectric power generate electricity

1. Water is taken above the earth giving it g.p.e
2. The dam then allows the water to flow turning a turbine
3. The turbine turned converting k.e into electricity through a generator

Tidal energy advantages and disadvantages

Advantages

* renewable
* No pollutants
* Tides are predictable

Disadvantage

* Can damage ecosystems
* Not a continuous supply

Nuclear energy advantages and disadvantages

Advantages

* No greenhouse gasses
* Reliable on demand energy
* High energy from small quantities of fuel

Disadvantages

* produces toxic waste
* Non renewable
* Decommissioning is expensive

How does nuclear energy create electricity

1. nuclear fuel undergoes a controlled chain reaction in the reactor to produce heat
2. Heat is used to turn water into steam
3. Steam drives the turbine, which drives the generator to produce electricity