Anxiety and Mood Disorders Overview

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards based on notes covering various psychological disorders.

Anxiety Disorders

A group of disorders characterized by excessive fear and anxiety and related maladaptive behaviors.

Social Anxiety Disorder

Intense fear and avoidance of social situations.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

An anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal.

Panic Disorder

An anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable episodes of intense dread causing terror and frightening sensations.

Specific Phobia

An anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation.

Ataqque de nervios

A culture bound anxiety disorder frequent in people of Caribbean or Iberian descent.

Agoraphobia

Fear or avoidance of situations where one may experience a loss of control and panic.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

A disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and sanctions (compulsions), or both.

Hoarding Disorder

A persistent difficulty parting with possessions, regardless of their value.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

A disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, and avoidance of trauma-related stimuli lasting over four weeks after a traumatic experience.

Anterior Cingulate Cortex

A brain region that monitors actions and checks for errors, often hyperactive during acts of OCD.

Depressive Disorders

A group of disorders characterized by an enduring sad, empty, or irritable mood affecting a person’s ability to function.

Bipolar Disorders

A group of disorders where a person alternates between depression and mania.

Major Depressive Disorder

A disorder with five or more symptoms lasting two or more weeks, including depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure.

Persistent Depressive Disorder

A disorder where people experience a depressed mood on more days than not for at least two years.

Bipolar I Disorder

The most severe form of bipolar disorder characterized by euphoric and hyperactive states lasting a week or longer.

Mania

A hyperactive, wildly optimistic state marked by poor judgment.

Bipolar II Disorder

A less severe form of bipolar disorder with alternating periods of depression and milder hypomania.

Rumination

Compulsive fretting; overthinking problems and their causes.

Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

A group of disorders characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thinking or behaviors.

Psychotic Disorder

Marked by irrational ideas, distorted perceptions, and a loss of contact with reality.

Impaired Theory of Mind

Difficulty reading others' facial expressions and states of mind.

Delusions

False beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, accompanying psychotic disorders.

Chronic Schizophrenia

Symptoms appear by late adolescence, with longer psychotic episodes as people age.

Acute Schizophrenia

Can begin at any age, often in response to trauma, with a higher chance of recovery.

Dissociative Disorders

A rare group of disorders characterized by a disruption of normal integration of consciousness, memory, identity, and behavior.

Dissociative Identity Disorder

Exhibition of two or more distinct and alternating identities.

Dissociative Amnesia

Memory gaps for trauma-related specific events or aspects of one’s identity.

Personality Disorders

Disorders characterized by enduring behavior patterns that differ from cultural norms, causing distress or impairment.

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Characterized by a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, often aggressive or deceitful.

Feeding and Eating Disorders

Disorders characterized by altered food consumption impacting health or psychological functioning.

Anorexia Nervosa

An eating disorder with a starvation diet despite being underweight, often accompanied by excessive exercise.

Bulimia Nervosa

An eating disorder involving binge eating followed by inappropriate weight-loss behaviors.

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

CNS abnormalities that start in childhood, affecting thinking and behavior.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

A disorder marked by communication limitations and rigid interests appearing in childhood.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

A neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention and hyperactivity.