Unit 1 exam

What is the basic unit of life?

The cell

The study of life is known as:

Biology

Which word should never be used in a conclusion statement?

Prove

In science, a concept that has been supported repeatedly by experimentation and found to hold true is known as:

Scientific theory

The smallest unit of an element that retains all its chemical properties is known as:

Atom

Which of the following is not true about Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen?

They are trace elements

Which is the positively charged subatomic particle of an atom?

Protons

Atomic isotopes are atoms of the same element that have:

The same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Which is an example of a molecule that is not a compound?

H⁺

H₂

 CO₂

 H₂O₂

H2

The valence shell of an atom is the ____________ shell.

Outermost

An atom with an atomic number of 10 will have ______ valence electrons.

8

Bonds formed when electrons are shared between 2 atoms equally are called:

Non-polar covalent bonds

When ionic bonds are formed, the anion has a ___________ charge, due to ___________ of electrons.

Negative; gain

What type of bond would occur between Magnesium (electronegativity of 1.31) and Nitrogen (electronegativity of 3.04)?

polar covalent

Which subatomic particles are not charged?

Neutrons

Based on the line structure of the molecule, how many electrons are shared between the carbon and oxygen? (C = O)

4

C6H12O6 is an example of the molecule glucose written as its:

Molecular or empirical formula

Which is not one of the four properties of water that allows Earth to sustain life?

polarity

expanding upon freezing

universal solvent

 temperature regulation

polarity

Hydrogen bonds between water molecules are _______________ when water freezes.

Stable and regular

A homogenous mixture that cannot be separated physically is known as a:

Solution

Molecules that dissolve easily into water are likely:

Hydrophilic

Molecules that help compounds that do not normally dissolve in water to break down are known as:

Emulsifiers

Molecules that donate H+ ions to solution are known as:

Acids

A pH of 3 is ___________x more _________ than a pH of 6.

1000; acidic

Molecules that resist changes in pH are known as:

Buffers

Isomers are molecules that:

Have the same chemical formula but different structural formula

Isomers that are mirror images are known as an:

Enantiomer

Which functional group is shown in the image?

Carboxyl

What type of reaction is occurring in the image above?

Dehydration

The most complex carbohydrates are known as:

Polysaccharides

Which type of biomolecule is DNA?

Nucleic Acid

The 3D shape of a polypeptide in a protein is known as its ___________ structure.

Tertiary

All proteins have how many levels of structure?

3

Which elements are found in Hydrocarbon chains?

Carbons and Hydrogens

Which of the following shows the correct order of strength of bonds and attractions? (weakest to strongest)

Hydrogen bonds, then ionic bonds, then covalent bonds

Which is an essential compound of life but is not considered a Biomolecule or Macromolecule?

Water

Which shows the correct list of elements present in all four types of biomolecules?

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen