Charter test

When was the pay equity case

2003

What was the pay equity case

Women and unions challenged the Ontario government for unequal pay

What was used for the pay equity case

The charter

How did the pay equity case end

The women won the case, Ontario had to make $414 million in pay adjustments

How does the pay equity case relate to the charter

Shows how the charter protects equality rights and helps fix discrimination

What was the mandatory retirement case

A university of Alberta professor was forced to retire at the age of 65

What was the discrimination for in the mandatory retirement case

Age discrimination

What happened after the mandatory retirement case

She lost her individual case but the case did spark up national debate

How did the mandatory retirement case end up today

Alberta eventually made it illegal for employers to force retirement based on age

How does the mandatory retirement case relate to the charter

Demonstrates how charter challenges can change laws even if the person loses

What was the purpose of the war measures act

Have the federal government extreme powers during wartime, including the ability to ignore certain civilian rights

What was going on during WW1

Ukrainian and German Canadians targeted, over 8000 people arrested and forced into labour camps

What was going on during WW2

Japanese Canadians targeted, over 20000 were sent to internment camps, their property was taken by the government

How did the world wars affect the later starting charter

Shows how before the charter existed, the government could violate rights without limits during emergencies

When was the October crisis

1970

What was the October crisis

FLQ terrorist group kidnapped political figures in Quebec

What did the government do during the October crisis

Prime minister Pierre Trudeau used the war measures act during a non wartime crisis, the first and only time this happened domestically

What were the consequences of the October crisis

Civil liberties were suspended, police could arrest and detain people without warrants, many innocent people were jailed

What was the importance of the October crisis

Highlighted the dangers of giving government too much emergency power, helped lead to the creation of the charter of rights and freedoms

When was the charter of rights and freedoms made

1982

What are the 5 key rights

Mobility rights, legal rights, equality rights, fundamental freedoms, democratic rights

What are fundamental freedoms

Freedom of opinion and expression, freedom of religion, freedom of peaceful assembly, freedom of association

What is freedom of peaceful assembly

Protesting

What is freedom of association

Joining any group

What are democratic rights

The right for every Canadian to vote in elections, also ensures that we must have an election every 5 years

What are mobility rights

The right for citizens to enter, stay in, or leave Canada, it also includes the right to move and work in any province

What are legal rights

These are the rights when you deal with the police and the justice system. Innocent until proven guilty, right to fair and quick trial, protects you from unreasonable search and seizure.

What are equality rights

The right to be free of discrimination by the government, applies to any race, religion, national origin, gender, age, or disability.

Why does the charter matter

The charter exists to prevent the kinds of injustices that happened in Canadian history. Before the charter was signed in 1982, governments passed many discriminatory laws.

What and when was the Indian act

1876, this act controlled First Nations lives without their consent, banning ceremonies and political action.

What was the main reason for women’s suffrage

Women were barred from voting in federal elections until 1918

What is the charter of rights and freedoms

The rulebook for the government, it sets rules for how all levels of government must treat you

What is the charters main job

To protect your individual rights and freedoms from being unfairly limited by the government

What can you do if you believe a law violates your rights

You can challenge that law in court, the courts have the power to strike down laws that break charter rules.

What are freedoms

This means the government won’t interfere with what you wanna do, within reasonable reasons

What are rights

These are the things that you are entitled to as a human being