APUSH unit 2

What were the primary goals of Spanish colonizers in North America?

To set up large plantations for cash crops, expand into the Southwest United States, and spread Catholicism to Natives.

What was a major colonial development related to Spanish colonization in the Caribbean?

Spanish colonizers stopped using the encomienda system and began using enslaved Africans on plantations.

How did the Spanish relationship with Native Americans in New Mexico evolve after the Pueblo Revolt?

Spaniards lost the revolt but returned after 12 years with greater religious tolerance, resulting in religious syncretism.

What were the main economic goals of the French and Dutch in their North American colonies?

To establish a fur trade monopoly and to participate in a mercantilist economy.

What was unique about the French and Dutch colonial settlements in North America?

They had few large settlements and established trading posts instead.

What were the main goals of British colonizers during the period of colonization in America?

To pursue economic opportunities and religious freedom, and extract resources to enrich Britain.

How did the British colonial economy develop in the Chesapeake region?

Through the cultivation of tobacco as a cash crop, relying on indentured servants and later enslaved Africans.

What cultural and religious characteristics defined the New England colonies?

They were Puritan, with strict religious intolerance and a focus on creating a 'righteous society'.

What environmental conditions defined the Middle colonies and influenced their economy?

An ideal environment for cereal crops and timber, encouraging both farming and industry.

What led to the division of Native American tribes during Metacom's War?

Cultural misunderstandings about property rights and competition for hunting grounds.

What was the impact of the Great Awakening on American political and cultural attitudes?

It encouraged emotional expressions of faith, questioned authority, and fostered a sense of nationalism.

What was the purpose of the Navigation Acts implemented by the British government?

To control trade between Britain and its colonies, ensuring British crown revenues.

What was the significance of the Stono Rebellion in colonial American history?

It led to the tightening of slave codes in South Carolina and highlighted the tensions between enslaved individuals and white colonists.

How did the British colonization affect the demographics of enslaved Africans in the colonies by 1775?

The African American population made up 20% of the colonial population, predominantly in the Southern colonies.

What were the long-term effects of Spanish colonization on Native American societies?

Significant population decline due to disease, cultural disruption, and forced conversion to Christianity.

What was the significance of the fur trade in French and Dutch colonization?

It was the backbone of their economy, leading to alliances with Native Americans and shaping territorial claims.

What role did mercantilism play in British colonial policies?

It led to the regulation of colonial commerce to benefit the mother country and promote national wealth.

How did Enlightenment ideas influence American colonial society?

These ideas encouraged individual rights, questioning traditional authority, and the notion of self-governance.

What effects did King Philip's War have on Native American populations?

It resulted in significant loss of land and power for Native American tribes in New England.

What were the effects of European colonization on Indigenous populations in North America?

Indigenous populations experienced severe declines due to disease, warfare, displacement, and cultural assimilation.

What role did slavery play in the economies of the Southern colonies?

Slavery provided the labor force needed for the labor-intensive cultivation of cash crops such as tobacco, rice, and cotton.

What was the significance of the Mayflower Compact?

It was an early form of self-government and social contract among the Pilgrims, establishing the principle of majority rule.

How did the American Revolution influence other countries?

It inspired revolutionary movements worldwide, promoting ideas of democracy and individual rights.

What is the concept of 'Salutary Neglect'?

A British policy of relaxed enforcement of regulations in the colonies, contributing to a sense of independence.

What was the impact of the Enlightenment on colonial governance?

It promoted ideas of democracy, rights, and reason, influencing the development of colonial political thought.

How did geography influence the development of the Southern colonies?

The warm climate and fertile soil favored the plantation system and cash crop agriculture.

What was the relationship between Puritans and Native Americans in New England?

Puritans often had contentious relations with Native Americans, leading to conflicts such as King Philip's War