Human Growth and Development Flashcards

Flashcards covering the key vocabulary and concepts from the lecture notes.

Self-actualization

People have obtained their full potentials, or that they are what they want to be.

When needs are felt

Individuals are motivated to act.

Hierarchy of needs

Lower needs should be met before the individual can try to meet higher needs.

Six (6) physiological needs

Food, water, oxygen, elimination of waste materials, sleep, protection from extreme temperatures.

Three (3) events that might threaten an individual's safety

New environment, change in routine, marital problems, job loss.

Three (3) ways in which the need for love and affection is satisfied

When friends are made, social contacts are established, and acceptance by others is received.

Sexuality

Sexual life and experiences; people's feelings concerning their masculine/feminine natures, their ability to give and receive love and affection, and their roles in reproduction of the species.

Policy of long-term care facilities recognizes the fact that sexuality needs do not cease in late adulthood

Long-term care facilities are recognizing this fact by allowing married couples to share a room.

When does an individual begin to feel esteem and gain self-respect?

When others show respect, approval, and appreciation, an individual begins to feel esteem and gains self-respect.

Growth

Measurable physical changes that occur throughout a person's life.

Development

Changes in the intellectual, mental, emotional, social, and functional skills that occur over time.

Physical growth

Refers to body growth and includes height and weight changes, muscle and nerve development, and changes in body organs.

Mental growth

Refers to intellectual development and includes learning how to solve problems, make judgments, and deal with situations.

Emotional growth

Feelings and includes dealing with love, hate, joy, fear, excitement, and other emotions.

Social growth

Interactions and relationships with other people.

Assimilation

Process by which a person's mind takes in information from the environment.

Accommodation

Process of changing cognitive ideas based on new information.

Equilibrium

A balance within the environment.

Response to a loud noise or sudden movement

Moro, or startle.

Response to a slight touch on the cheek

Rooting reflex.

Response to a slight touch on the lips

Sucking reflex.

Response when an object is placed in the hand

Grasp reflex.

Causes of conflict during the emotional development of adolescents

Uncertain feelings, inadequate and insecure.

Reasons why people use chemicals or become involved in chemical abuse

Anxiety or stress relief, peer pressure, escape from emotional/psychological problems, experimentation with feelings.

Signs that may indicate an individual is thinking about committing suicide

Neglect of personal hygiene, excessive fatigue or agitation, withdrawal, depression, moodiness, injuring one's body, alcohol or drug abuse.

Major changes or decisions that individuals must make during early adulthood

Deal with independence, make career choices, establish a lifestyle, select a marital partner, start a family.

Factors that could provide satisfaction during middle adulthood

Job stability, financial success, end of child bearing.

Factors that could produce stress during middle adulthood

Loss of job, fear of aging, loss of youth.

Physical changes that might occur during late adulthood

Skin becomes dry, wrinkled, thinner; brown & yellow spots appear; muscles lose tone & strength; memory loss can occur; hair becomes thin & loses luster & shine; bones become brittle & porous; kidney & bladder are less efficient; heart is less efficient.

Events that require emotional adjustment during late adulthood

Physical disabilities, retirement, loss of spouse or friends, potential financial problems.