Unit 5

John Locke

Philosopher who advocated for natural rights: life, liberty, and property.

Social Contract

The idea that people give up some freedom to a government that protects their rights.

Popular Sovereignty

The principle that power and authority come from the people.

American Revolution

The 1776 conflict where the U.S. broke free from British rule inspired by Enlightenment ideas.

French Revolution

The 1789 uprising that overthrew the monarchy and called for liberty, equality, and fraternity.

Haitian Revolution

The 1791 revolt by enslaved Haitians which resulted in their independence.

Latin American Revolutions

Colonial uprisings in South America seeking freedom from Spanish rule.

Industrial Revolution

A significant period starting in Britain characterized by the transition to industrialized production.

Capitalism

An economic system where private businesses operate for profit and supply and demand dictate the market.

Communism/Socialism

Ideologies advocating for the ownership of production by workers.

Urbanization

The process of people moving from rural areas to cities for work.

Middle Class

A social class that grew during the Industrial Revolution, reflecting economic stability.

Feminism

The movement for women's rights and equality, notably advocated by Mary Wollstonecraft.

Child Labor

The practice of employing children in factories, often in dangerous conditions.

Imperialism

The policy where stronger nations seek to expand their influence by taking control of weaker territories.

Industrialization

The development of industries in a country or region on a wide scale, employing machines and factories.

Nationalism

A sense of pride in one’s nation, often leading to calls for independence or unification.