APUSH Textbook Chapter 14

Rebel yell

Rebel yell

Frightening yell Confederate soldiers gave when they went into battle. Many Northern troops commented on how nerve racking it would be

Army of the Potomac

The main Union army led by a series of generals until Ulysses S. Grant took command in 1863 and was victorious in 1865

Army of North Virginia

The main Confederate Army led by Robert E. Lee, fought in Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Maryland before surrendering at the Appomattox Court House in April 1865

Appomattox Court House

Where the Confederate Army eventually surrendered to the Union

Peninsular Campaign of 1862

When General McClellan landed Union forces on the Virginia coast to march up the peninsula to capture Richmond.

Contrabands

The name Union generals gave to former slaves who escaped to Union lines and worked for the Union troops.

Colonization

A plan, popular by the 1830s and briefly considered by President Lincoln, to create colonies in Africa to where former slaves may return. Slaves/former slaves never liked this plan.

Emancipation Proclamation

Decree announced by Lincoln freeing all slaves in Confederate states still in rebellion.

Peace Democrats

Also known as Copperheads, a large fraction within the Democratic Party that advocated immediate peace with the Confederacy on terms that would allow it to leave the Union.

Internal Revenue Service

An agency created by Congress during the Civil War to collect federal taxes in support of the war effort.

Greenbacks

Paper currency printed on Congress’ orders based on the federal government’s promise to pay rather than backed by something such as gold or silver for security.

New York Draft Riot

A mostly Irish-immigrant protest against conscription (mandatory enlistment in the war) in New York City that escalated into class and racial warfare

Sanitary Commission

Created in 1861 to improve the medical services and treatment for sick and wounded Union soldiers during the course of war.

Battle of Bull Run or Manassas

Clear cut Confederate victory, first significant battle of the war

Battle of Shiloh/Antetiam

Bloody battles of 1862 which didn’t provide either side with a breakthrough.

Anaconda Plan

Called for a process where the South would eventually run out of resources. Surround them as if they were their prey.

Ulysses S. Grant

Wins war for the Union. Has Lee surrender to him at the Appomatox court house.

George McClellan

Ran against Lincoln in Election of 1864, lost.

Naval Blockade

Cut off trade with Europe within Anaconda Plan

War of Attrition

Attempt to win a war through wearing out the enemy to the point of collapse from lack of soldiers and materials.