HSC Chapter 4 Integumentary System

sf college

Cutane

skin

derm

skin

dermat

skin

trich

hair

onych

nail

sweat

hidr, seb

Cutaneous Membrane

skin

Kerat

horney tissue/ cornea of eye

Myc

fungus

Pachy

thick

Rhytid

wrinkles

Rhytid

wrinkles

Scler

hard

Staphyl

grape like clusters

Strep

twisted chains

Xer

dry

-a

word is a noun

-ia

condition of a state(abnormal)

-coccus

berry-shaped form

-ectomy

surgical removal

-malacia

softening

-phagia-

eating or swallowing

-plasty

surgical repair

-rrhea

flow, discharge

Epi-

upon, over

Intra-

within

Para-

Beside, beyond, around, abnormal

per-

through

Sub-

under, below

Trans-

through, across, beyond

Epidermis

outermost layer, protective barrier, avascular, contains keratinocytes and melanocytes

Dermis

Middle, strength/elasticity, contains blood vessels, nerves, sweat glands, hair follicles

HypoDermis (Subcutaneous Layer)

deepest, insulates and cushions internal organs, stores fat for energy, anchors skin, nerves, blood vessels

Keratin-

 a scleroprotein component of the cornified or horny layer of the epidermis, hair, and nails

Melanin

dark pigment produced by melanocytes

Hair

compressed, keratin-rich cells that arise from hair follicles

Hair follicles

 the sacs that enclose hair fibers

Nails

plates made from flattened epithelial cells

Sebaceous glands

secrete oily sebum into the hair follicles

Sudoriferous glands

coiled, tubular structures that secrete sweat through pores

Dermatoplasty

surgical repair of the skin

Rhytidectomy

excision of the wrinkles (facelift)

Cauterization

destruction of the tissue with hot/cold/caustic

Cryosurgery

 destruction of tissue with extreme cold

Debridement

 removal of dead tissue from an open wound

Excision

removal by cutting

Incision

surgical cut produced by a sharp instrument

Suturing

 to stitch the edges of a wound surgically

tegere

to cover

fissure

slit or crack in skin

furuncle

painful skin nodule caused by staphyloccal bacteria in a hair follicle (also called boil) 

gangrene

death of tissue caused by loss of blood supply followed by bacterial invasion(form of necrosis)

herpes

inflammatory skin disease caused by herpes virus characterized by small blisters in clusters/ also known as shingles

tinea

fungul infection of the skin that infects keratin of skin, nails, hair. also called ringworm and athletes foot

urticaria

itchy skin eruption associated with allergies/ also called hives

vitiligo

white patches on skin caused by destruction of melanoctyes.

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC)

malignant tumor that arising from bottom of layer of the epidermis called basal layer: common in individual who has excessive sun exposure

candidiasis

infection of skin, mouth, or vagina caused by yeast type fungus Canidida albicans. Candida can overgrow/ also known as AIDS

carbuncle

infection of skin and subcutaneous tissue composed of a cluster of boils (furnacles) caused by staphyloccus bacteria

ecchymosis

large, flat, blue-purple lesion caused by escape of blood into deeper areas of the skin, as may occur when blood is withdrawn by a needle and syringe from arm vein

edema

puffy swelling of tissue from the accumulation of fluid

induration

abnormal hard spots of area of skin: may include underlying tissue

jaudice

yellow coloring of skin, mucous membranes, and sclera(whites of eyes) caused by presence of bile ( also called icterus)

lesion

any visible change in tissue resulting from injury or disease. Broad term for sores, wounds, ulcers, and tumors

leukopakia

white patches on mucous membranes, may be precancerous

impetigo

superficial skin infection characterized by pastules and caused by either staphylococci or streptococci

kaposi sarcinoma

cancerous condition starting as purple or brown papules that spreads through the skin to the lymph nodes and internal organs, frequently seen with AIDS

keloid

overgrowth of scar tissue

laceration

torn, ragged-edged wound

measles

highly contagious viral disease characterized by fever, runny, nose, cough, and a spreading rash. Potential disastrous disease which can lead to pneumonia, severe bleeding, brain infection, and even death. 

MRSA infection

invasion of body tissue by methicillin- resistant, Staphylococcus aureus, a strain  of common bacteria that has developed resistance to methicilin and other antibiotics. Can produceskin and soft tissue infection and soemtimes bloodstream infections and pneumonia. Common in hospitals and long term care facilites but increasingly emerging as an important infection in gen. pop.

pediculosis

invasion into the skin and hair by lice

pilonidal cyst

abnormal pocket in the skin that contains hair and skin debris. Located near tailbone, at the top of the cleft of the buttocks. If becomes infected, can be severely painful and may require surgery. 

pressure injury

damage of the skin and the subcutaneous tissue caused by prolonged pressure, often occuring in bedriddin patients: the injury, painful, can present as intact skin or open ulcer( also called pressure ulcer, bedsore, and decubitus ulcer)

psoriasis

chronic skin condition producing red lesions covered with silvery scales

rosacea

chronic disorder of the skin that produces erythema, papules, pustules, and abnormal dilation of tiny blood vessels, usually occuring on the central area of the face in people older than 30 years. 

abscess

localized collection of pus, bacteria, and other material: can occur in the skin (cutaneous abscess) or other locations within the body (internal abscess)

cyst

closed sac of fluid or semisolid material; can occur in the skin (cutaneous cyst) or other locations within the body

diaphoresis

sweating