Untitled Flashcards Set

Nye's Four Clusters of Social Control

Internalized control, Indirect control (parents), Direct control (punishment), and Reasoned decision-making.

Social Bond Theory

Hirschi's theory proposing that strong bonds of attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief reduce deviance.

Power-Control Theory

Theory stating that household control reflects parental roles in the workplace, leading to gendered deviance.

Self-Control Theory

Gottfredson and Hirschi's theory that low self-control develops from a lack of discipline and nurturance.

Life Course Theory

The theory that bonds over time can deter deviance and that pathways can change throughout life.

Looking-glass self

Cooley's concept that our self-concept is based on how others view us.

Labeling Process

The transition from deviance to reaction, followed by role engulfment and secondary deviance.

Reintegrative Shaming

Braithwaite's theory that disapproves of the act but not the person, which helps reduce recidivism.

Marxist Theory

The theory that society is structured by class conflict, with laws serving the interests of the ruling class.

Conflict Theory

Theory suggesting that law serves both as a method of control and a means of reinforcing social norms.

Feminist Criminology

A perspective developed to challenge sexist criminology, focusing on patriarchy and structural oppression.

Critical Race Theory

The theory that law and institutions reinforce white supremacy, focusing on power dynamics and racial justice.

Medicalization of Deviance

The process where deviant behavior is redefined in terms of illness or mental disorder, affecting societal responses.

Collateral Consequences

The negative effects of criminal convictions on families and the community, including employment barriers.

Deviant Career Path

The journey of deviance that includes onset, escalation/persistence, and desistance.

Desistance

The process of ceasing deviant behavior, often influenced by new social bonds, such as marriage or employment.