Lipids

What are the main functions of lipids in the body?

Stores long term energy, makes up cell membranes, provides insulation, and serves as shock absorbers.

What makes up a triglyceride molecule?

A glycerol and three fatty acids.

What are the components of lipids?

Made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Are lipids soluble in water?

No

Where is the main storage of triglycerides in the body?

Adipose tissue and skeletal muscle.

Where is adipose tissue commonly found in the body?

Under the skin, in bone marrow, or around internal organs.

What happens to excess glycogen in the body?

It can be converted into triglycerides for energy storage.

What type of bonds are found in saturated fats?

Only single bonds between carbon atoms.

What is a characteristic of saturated fats at room temperature?

They are usually solid due to their linear structure.

What are saturated fats saturated with?

Hydrogen (dense)

What foods are high in saturated fats?

Animal fats and tropical oils, such as meat and butter.

What can bad fats lead to?

Heart disease including an increase in LDL and bad cholesterol

What do unsaturated fats have?

Double bonds between carbon atoms due to missing hydrogen.

What is a common state of unsaturated fats at room temperature?

They are usually liquid.

What effect do good fats have on LDL levels?

They reduce the number of LDL or bad cholesterol.

Where are unsaturated fats typically found?

In plant-based fats and fish oils.

What is a defining characteristic of trans fats?

They are man-made fats that have had hydrogen added to them.

What is an advantage of trans fats regarding food storage?

They increase the shelf life of food and prevent rancidity.

Why are trans fats considered unhealthy?

They are worse than saturated fats and can lead to health issues.

What are examples of foods that contain trans fats?

Fast foods, chocolate, and deep-fried foods.

What is the process used to create trans fats?

Partial hydrogenation, which modifies fats to remain stable.