Social Studies 8th Grade - Lesson 14

Andrew Jackson

This person was the 7th President of the United States, a hero of the Battle of New Orleans in the War of 1812, and was born poor but became rich and successful. This person was also the man of the people, involved in the Nullification Crisis, and enacted the Indian Removal Act.

Henry Clay

This person was a congressman from Tennesee, a Democratic-Republican, and a War Hawk. This person got Congress to renew the charter of the National Bank to force Jackson to either sign or not sign in order to have an effect on Jackson's reelection.

Black Hawk

This person was the leader of the Sac and Fox Indians of Illinois. They also fought the removal for 2 years, but most of his men died so he lost.

John Calhoun

This person was Andrew Jackson's Vice President from South Carolina and disagreed with raising import taxes. They also encouraged the South to nullify the import tax and secede from the Union if they are forced to do so.

Nicholas Biddle

This person was the wealthy President of the Second National Bank.

John Quincy Adams

This person was the 6th President of the United States and was the son of John Adams.

Osceola

This person was a leader of the Seminole Indians of Florida, and successfully fought against the removal. They were able to hide in Florida swamps.

Jacksonian Democracy

A policy that expanded voting rights to more people. It wanted the common men to take part in the government by voting. During Jackson's time in office, this included all white men, even if they did not own property.

Tariffs

A tax imposed by the government on goods imported from another country.

The "Corrupt Bargain"

A bargain made between Henry Clay and John Quincy Adams, in which Clay encouraged his supporters to vote for Quincy Adams. In return, Quincy Adams would make Henry Clay his Vice President.

Nullification/Nullify

To refuse to recognize a federal law.

Secession/Secede

To withdraw from an organization or alliance.

Indian Removal Act

A law created by Congress and signed by Andrew Jackson that gave the President the power to negotiate treaties with Native Americans that would have Native Americans move to an Indian Territory west of the Mississippi River.

Kitch Cabinet

A group made of Andrew Jackson's trusted friends and political supporters that was held in the White House kitchen.

Civil Servant

An employee of the government.

Force Bill

A bill that was signed by Andrew Jackson and gave the President the power to enforce the payment of import taxes. The President could send in troops to collect taxes if needed. It also lowered the tax rate of import taxes.

Nullification Act/Crisis

A crisis that was caused over the increase in import taxes. Because of this, Southern states threatened to nullify the tax increase on imported goods.

The 5 Civilized Tribes

The 5 tribes located in the South that had tried to assimilate into the United States culture by learning English and adopting other white ways. These were the tribes that the United States wanted to relocate west of the Mississippi River. The 5 tribes are the Creek, Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Seminole.

Spoils System

The practice of rewarding political supporters with government jobs.

The Nullification Crisis was triggered by strong opposition to the \________________.

tarrifs

True/False: Andrew Jackson's election victory in 1828 depended on support from the common people.

True

Jackson's handling of the Nullification Crisis was most upsetting to \__________________________________________________.

states' rights supporters

True/False: The Force Bill sent the message that the Federal government would not allow a state to secede without a fight.

True

True/False: Georgie passed the Nullification Act.

False

What did Henry Clay use to try and defeat Andrew Jackson in the 1832 presidential election?

Re-chartering of the National Bank.

True/False: Jackson's practice of rewarding political supporters with government jobs became known as the spoils system.

True

What is it called when states can overturn laws and declare them unconstitutional?

Nullify

True/False: Secede means that States could leave the Union.

True

True/False: Jackson's advisors were known as his Fireplace Cabinet.

False

What are the unelected members of the U.S. government called?

Civil Servants

True/False: The Seminole in Florida successfully resisted for many years their removal by the U.S. government.

True

True/False: Black Hawk successfully defended his people against the United States and was able to remain on the land.

False

True/False: Andrew Jackson was impeached for ignoring the Supreme Court ruling on the Indian Removal Act.

False

Who created the Democratic party?

Andrew Jackson

True/False: John Calhoun was a supporter of nullification and secession.

True

True/False: The sixth President, John Quincy Adams, was elected by his 'corrupt bargain' with Clay.

True

This person was the head of the second Bank of the U.S.

Nicholas Biddle

True/False: Osceola was the Seminole leader who long fought the United States in Florida.

True

What reasons did southerners give for their opposition to the Tariff of 1828?

It would increase the cost of foreign goods and possibly start a trade war.