study guide 14

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Does community corrections operate under the assumption that criminal behavior can be changed

True/Yes

Can probationers refuse drug tests?

No

Do probationers have constitutional rights?

Yes, but they're limited

Can the revocation of probation result in incarceration

Yes

Are fines usually adjusted to account for wealth

No

All crime victims can expect full restitution from the offender

False

Forefeiture is administered by the executive branch

True/Yes

Assets claimed can they be applied to law enforcement agencies

True

Did the US Supreme Court rule that home confinement violates the right to privacy

False/No

In certain states, offenders serving community service are sometimes paid for their work.

False/No

When given the choice, many offenders will choose prison over ISP

True

Do boot camp programs provide aftercare to help offenders transition back into the community

False/No

To be successful, community corrections programs must be given adequate resources

True/Yes

Do offenders go through a three to nine month physical regime designed to develop discipline and respect for authority?

In boot camps True/Yes

What's more expensive, community supervision or incarceration

Incarceration

Intermediate sanctions can be viewed as a continuum of range of punishment

True/Yes

The crimes and criminal records of today's offenders are better than those of offenders in previous eras

True/Yes

What is meant by the recidivism rate

The recidivism rate refers to the rate at which convicted people re-offend

What is community corrections

A model of corrections based on the goal of reintegrating the offender into the community.

What is the goal of community corrections

The goal is to reintegrate offenders back into society through community based programs and citizen involvement

Who was the world's first probation officer

John Augustus

What is the difference between parole and probation

Parole is granted to someone who has already served time in prison and is out on good behavior or vocational efforts, following strict guidelines. Probation is a type of intermediate sanction that allows an offender to serve time in the community under strict guidelines rather than in prison.

What violations get a probationer's probation revoked

Technical violations and or commission of a new crime

What is the most likely punishment for a misdemeanor traffic violation?

A fine

Which branch of government administers the intermediate sanctions of fines, restitution and forfeiture

Executive Branch

What is restitution

Repayment in the form of money or service, by an offender to a victim who has suffered some loss from the offense.

What is forfeiture

Government seizure of property and other assets derived from or used in criminal activity.

boot camp

A short-term institutional sentence, usually followed by probation, that puts the offender through a physical regime to develop a respect for authority and discipline.

community justice

A model of justice that emphasizes reparation to the victim and the community-based, problem-solving perspective, as well as citizen involvement.

community service

A sentence requiring the offender to perform a certain amount of unpaid labor in the community.

day reporting center

A community correctional center where an offender reports each day to comply with elements of a sentence.

fine

A sum of money paid to the government by an offender as punishment for an offense.

home confinement

A sentence requiring the offender to remain inside his or her house during specified periods.

Intensive supervision probation (ISP)

Probation granted under conditions of strict reporting to a probation officer with a limited caseload.

net widening

Process in which new sentencing options increase instead of reduce control of an offender's life.

recidivism

The tendency for a convicted person to re-offend.

restitution

Repayment in the form of money or service by an offender to a victim who has suffered some loss from the offender's actions.

technical violation

The probationer's failure to abide by rules and the conditions of probation, resulting in revocation of probation.

What is the aim of community corrections?

Community corrections aim to reintegrate offenders into society with community-based services and a lot of citizen involvement.

What is the nature of probation, and how is it organized?

Probation is a form of intermediate sanction that allows offenders to serve their sentence in the community, following strict guidelines rather than serving in prison. It's organized by having an overseeing probation officer assigned to an offender. This probation officer does regular home check ups, drug tests, and overall makes sure the probationer is following all guidelines.

What is the purpose of intermediate sanctions?

The purpose of intermediate sanctions is to provide an alternate form of punishment for offenders who may not deserve prison. It also is good for rehabilitation and preventing recidivism as intermediate sanctions such as ISPs are commonly associated with about 7-10% lower rates of reoffense.

What are the primary forms of intermediate sanctions?

ISPs, day reporting centers, home confinement, probation, boot camps, community service, and fines are some of the most common forms of intermediate sanctions.

What problems confront parolees upon their release?

Parolees may not have a sense of what to do or how to do it. An example would be finding employment, secure housing, and addressing substance abuse. These problems aren't properly addressed a lot of the time, leading to relatively high recidivism rates.