Nursing Care of Patients With Hypertension

Flashcards covering key terms and definitions related to nursing care for patients with hypertension.

Hypertension

A condition characterized by persistently elevated blood pressure.

Blood Pressure

The force produced by the volume of blood in arterial walls.

Systolic Blood Pressure

The pressure in the arteries when the heart beats.

Diastolic Blood Pressure

The pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats.

Primary Hypertension

Hypertension with an unknown cause, often called essential hypertension.

Secondary Hypertension

Hypertension with a known cause, such as kidney disease or hormonal disorders.

Signs and Symptoms of Hypertension

Often none; referred to as a 'silent killer.' As BP elevates, symptoms may include headaches, anxiety, and dyspnea.

Lifestyle changes for hypertension

Modifications in diet, weight management, and physical activity to lower blood pressure.

Diuretics

Medications that increase urine output and decrease blood pressure.

ACE Inhibitors

Medications that prevent the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, thereby preventing vasoconstriction.

Beta Blockers

Medications that block sympathetic nervous system activity, resulting in a slower heart rate and lower blood pressure.

Hypertensive Emergency

A situation where blood pressure is extremely high and there is evidence of new or worsening organ damage.

Lifelong BP control

Continuous management of blood pressure through lifestyle changes and adherence to prescribed medications.

Orthostatic Hypotension

A form of low blood pressure that occurs when standing up from sitting or lying down, potentially causing dizziness.

Patient Education for Hypertension

Teaching patients about self-care, medication adherence, and lifestyle modifications to manage hypertension.