AP EURO VOCAB

Deism

The belief that God created the universe but allowed it to operate through laws of nature

scientific method

The use of controlled experiments to discover patterns in nature

Baron de Montesquieu

Believed gov. With separation is best

Johannes Kepler

Found that planets move at different speeds in eliptical orbits, proved copernicus ‘s theory with math

Nicolas copernicus

refuted geocentric theory w heliocentric theory.

who made the scientific method

bacon

any truth can be reached trhough reason

descartes

reasons for scientific revolution

during the renaissance people questioned old ideas and beliefs.

galileo galilei

perfected telescope, helped to establish universal laws of physics, proved copernicus right

issac newton

gravity, theorieis created the foundation for astronomy, engineering and physics

Andreas Vesalius

Dissected hundreds of corpses which allowed science of anatomy and full understanding of human ody

William harvey

found out that blood is recycled through the heart, not created from food.

Thomas Hobbes

monarchy was best form, people should obey gov no matter what

social contract

gov’s power comes from the consent of governed

John Locke

humans are born with natural rights, if gov failed to protect the people were allowed to overthrow, gov must have consent of governed.

natural rights

life liberty property

Mary Wollstonecraft

Feminist who fought for equal educational opportunities for women.

voltaire

french satirist, mocked france and got exiled, supported freedom of press, constitutional limitation of government

Rousseau

civilization corrupted individuals, against enlightement, general will reflects public opinion (democracy)

enlightened despot

absolute monarch who attempted to make some reforms from the enlightenment

Joseph II

religious tolerance and freedom of press

Frederic the great of prussia

first servant of state, practice religious tolerance, retained serfdom,

catherine the great

contributed financially to voltaire, attempted to complie laws in russia, reorganized local govs

atheism

complete rejection of god, materialistic godless universe

skepticism

All knowledge and beliefs should be approached with doubt, argued against religious authority

methodism

religion of individual conscience, focus on personal experience with god, stressed charitable works

pietism

sought personal relationship to god, regarded individual moral behavior as the key to salvation

Anne Robert Jacques Turgot

advocated for laissez-faire, gov shouldnt interfere with economy, rejected mercantilist thought

Francois Quesnay

states economic strenght derived from agriculture not gold and silver, elimination of tolls reduced taxes and end to gov restrictions on trade

Adam Smith

most influential economic reformer, attacked mercantilism, wealth of nation came from worker productivity, invisible hand guided all economic decisions