APUSH UNIT2

Analyze the factors that led to the American Revolution and the growth of the independence movement.

French Indian War (see term 16 Unit #1).

Changing mindset from reconciliation to independence brought on by Thomas Paine's pamphlet "Common Sense."

Increased unity brought by the intolerable acts to the Boston Area following the Boston Tea Party.

Analyze the factors that allowed the United States to achieve its independence from Britain.

*French Support after battle of Saratoga.* \n Gorilla warfare in beginning.

Britain looses public support for war and were in major debt.

What was the impact of the American Revolution on Women , African Americans and Native Americans?

*Women:* Before war organized boycotts and protests. Increased idea of republican motherhood to help grow their children into virtuous republican children. Camp followers during war.

*African Americans:* Were promised freedom if Britain had won by Lord Dunmore's Proclamation. Since colonies won slaves that fought against the new nation had to return to their masters because slavery was property. Decreased their social status in the S even farther. In N many advocated that blacks deserved human rights. Alight their plight for freedom with that of the slaves. N states quickly abolished slavery.

*Natives:* Westerners moved into their territory and since most natives had sided with Britain in the war many americans showed increased hostility.

What major problems did the young republic face after its victory over Great Britain? How did these problems motivate members of the elite to call for a federal constitution?

The Articles of Confederation did not that the power to tax or create tariffs which meant the gov. could not provide a stable army. The articles also created a framework for a weak central gov.

Following Shay's rebellion (against imprisonment of debtors) people felt like states could topple and there was need for a stronger central gov.

What characteristics define the government of the United States?

3 Branches of Gov. - Executive, Legislative, Judicial.

Creates checks and balances, judicial review, and electoral college.

Federalism - Supports multiple level of government: Federal, state, local.

What were the key events and factors that resulted in the ratification of the Constitution?

Bill of Rights was needed to ratify.

\n Federalist papers argued for the ratification, writers: John J., Hamilton, Madison(who pushed for Virginia plan, 2 houses. one bases on pop. and other based on statehood)

What were the major problems that confronted the Washington administration? How did his first term lay the foundations of American government?

1. Whiskey Rebellion - against tax on booze.
2. ^ Washington shows that he can raise an army. People in rebellion say that they don't have representation. Washington argues that HE is their representation.
3. Brit + France in conflict. Washington declares neutrality. Angers everyone.
4. Has to be first president and set rules of office essentially. Stepped down before death, peaceful transition of power, etc.

Describe the different visions of American expressed by the Federalists and Jeffersonian Republicans.

Federalists - Pro British, pro manufacturing, supporters in N. Federalists include: Hamilton, John J., Washington.

Democratic Republicans (Jeffersonians) - Pro France, agrarian self sufficiency, supporters in S + W. Dem. Reps. include: Jefferson, Madison.

Describe the financial policies of Alexander Hamilton.

1. National Bank
2. Assumption of state debt by the federal gov.
3. Protective Tariffs
4. Constant National Debt
5. Whiskey Tax

What were the key causes and events that illustrate that the 1790s was a decade of growing partisanship in American politics?

Two Parties - Dem. Rep. and Fed.

Alien and Sedition Acts put in place by John Addams which hoped to silence criticism of his party.

How successful was Thomas Jefferson in living up to his republican ideals during his presidency?

Not very.


1. Louisiana purchase
2. Embargo act - regulate commerce
3. ^ Federalists are pissed off at this.

What were the main causes and consequences of he War of 1812?

Causes: Impressment of sailors by both British and French.

* US believed that Britain was stirring up trouble out in the west by supplying native americans to fight against the american frontier.
* Consequences: Federalist party goes away. Painted as traitors as they had opposed the war (Hartford Conv)and since the war was portrayed as a victory (even though it was more of a draw) the federalists lost major support.
* No territory change.
* Era of good feelings: 1 political party. War created national pride and a sense of unity.

What factors led to the decline of the first two-party system?

War of 1812.

Analyze the factors that led to the end of the so-called "Era of Good Feelings"?

Panic of 1819 - first economic crisis. (state banks failed)

* Missouri compromise elevated the issue of slavery.
* Corrupt Bargin 1824 -> rep. dem. split.

Some go into the new whig party. Some go into the new democratic party lead by Andrew Jackson.

What incidents revealed the American government's growing aggressiveness toward Native Americans?

* Treaty of Fort Wayne -> negotiations with tribes that did not own land that were selling it to the United States. -> battle of Tippecanoe.
* Indian Removal.

Describe the impact of the Second Great Awakening on American society.

*Woman take a more important role in social reform.*Increased religious activity.