BIRTHMARKS (types) (MedRelatedCourse Essentials)

Hemangiomas

Vascular tumors of the skin that can be classified into three types.

Nevus Flammeus

A macular purple or dark-red lesion present at birth, often known as a portwine stain.

Strawberry Hemangioma

Elevated areas formed by immature capillaries and endothelial cells, usually present at birth.

Cavernous Hemangioma

Dilated vascular spaces that resemble strawberry hemangiomas but do not disappear over time.

Mongolian Spots

Slate-gray patches caused by collections of melanocytes, common in children of certain ethnicities.

Vernix Caseosa

A white, cream cheese-like substance that acts as a skin lubricant for newborns in utero.

Lanugo

Fine, downy hair found on a newborn’s shoulders, back, and arms, often diminished by 2 weeks of age.

Desquamation

The normal peeling and dryness of a newborn's skin, especially on palms and soles after birth.

Milia

Pinpoint white papules from immature sebaceous glands, typically disappearing within 2 to 4 weeks.

Erythema Toxicum

A newborn rash characterized by papules that may appear within the first two weeks and requires no treatment.

Forceps Marks

Contusions on an infant’s cheek caused by the use of forceps during delivery, usually fading within 1 to 2 days.

Telangiectasia

Lighter pink patches at the nape of the neck, also referred to as stork's beak marks.

Percentage of Strawberry Hemangiomas that disappear by age 7

50% to 75% of strawberry hemangiomas disappear by the age of 7.

Hydrocortisone Ointment

A treatment that may speed the disappearance of strawberry hemangiomas by interfering with estrogen bindings.

Ethnicity associated with Mongolian Spots

More common in children of Asian, southern European, or African ethnicity.