Untitled Flashcards Set

an/o

anus

cec/o

cecum (first part of the large intestine)

chol/e

bile, gall

cholecyst/o

gallbladder

col/o, colon/o

colon (large intestine)

enter/o

intestines (usually the small intestine)

esophag/o

esophagus

gastr/o

stomach

hepat/o

liver

pancreat/o

pancreas

proct/o

rectum and anus

rect/o

rectum

sigmoid/o

sigmoid colon (S-shaped last part of the large intestine)

or/o

mouth

-pepsia

digestion

-listhesis

slipping or displacement (not common in GI but may relate to digestive tract disorders)

What is Glucose?

A simple sugar that is the primary energy source for the body, absorbed in the small intestine.

What is Bilirubin?

A yellow pigment produced from the breakdown of red blood cells, processed by the liver, and excreted in bile.

What is Bile?

A digestive fluid produced by the liver, stored in the gallbladder, and released into the small intestine to aid fat digestion.

What does Metabolism mean?

The process of breaking down food into energy and nutrients for bodily functions.

What are Enzymes?

Proteins that speed up chemical reactions, including those that break down food in the digestive system.

What is a Gastroenterologist?

A doctor specializing in the digestive system and its disorders.

What does Emesis mean?

Vomiting.

What is Peristalsis?

Involuntary muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract.

What are Gastric Acids?

Stomach acids (including hydrochloric acid) that aid in digestion and kill harmful bacteria.

What is the Duodenum?

The first part of the small intestine, where most digestion occurs.

What is the Jejunum?

The middle section of the small intestine, where nutrients are absorbed.

What is the Ileum?

The final section of the small intestine, which continues nutrient absorption before passing waste to the large intestine.