Hobbs Unit 9

The best way to study this set is to review the note cards then take practice tests.

Alfred Thayer Mahan

• Naval Historian

• Wrote The Influence of Sea Power on History

• This book was translated to… German, Russian, and Japanese

Friedrich Nietzsche

• 1883, wrote Thus Spake Zarathustra

• 1886, wrote Beyond Good and Evil

• Remember the book about the man on the tight rope and the overman comes down from heaven. I WOULD LOOK THIS UP TO UNDERSTAND IT BETTER IT WILL HELP YOU REMEMBER. ALSO READ THE PAPER WITH THE EXCERPT FROM THE BOOK.

Charles Darwin

(1809-1883)

• 1859, wrote On the Origin of Species by The Means of Natural Selection/Theory of Evolution

• 1872, wrote The Descent of Man

Karl Marx

(1818—1893)

• Student of Hegel-part of the young Hegelian

• Agrees w/Hegel on this antithesis

• Disagrees w/ Hegel’s use of “spirit” ot “providence”

• Believed in “Dialected” Materialism

• 1848, worth The Communist Manifesto

• 1861, wrote Das Kapital

• Quotes= “From each according to his means, each according to his need.” and “ Workers of the world, unite! You have nothing to lose but your chains.”

Otto von Bismark

• Had to find a way to deal with evolution

• Made the Three Emperors League to deal with “ Revanchism”

• Three Emperors League= Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia

• This eventually becomes the Dual Alliance=Germany and Austria-Hungary

• Was the Chancellor of Prussia And Germany

• Caused the Austro-Prussia war(1866) and the Franco-Prussian War (1871)

Alfred von Schlieffen

• Chief of the German General Staff

• Creates the Schlieffen Plan to dealw/ Germany’s strategic predicament

• Fascinated with the Battle of Canea

Gavrilo Princip

• Was a Serbian Nationalist and Member of The Blackhand

• Killed the Austria-Hungarian crowned Prince Franz Ferdinand and His wife Sophie in Sarajevo

• Those caused Austria-Hungary to prepare to invade Serbia/ This caused Russia to Mobilize because of ‘‘big brother’’ mentality

Alsace-Lorraine

• French wanted this province back from Germany

• Used it as reason to start war

Alienation

Anarchism

a political theory advocating the abolition of hierarchical government and the organization of society on a voluntary, cooperative basis without recourse to force or compulsion.

• This belief can be connected to communism and capitalism. LOOK BACK AT NOTES ON KARL MARX

Anglo-Dutch Treaty

• Dutch Colonies will be given back to the Netherlands Except…

1. Cape Colonies

2. Straits Settlements

   The Liberals and Presbyterians were apposed to this

3. The Dutch extracted resources such as…

   spices,coffee,hardwood, and rubber

   LOOK AT NOTES TITLED ANGLO-DUTCH TREATY

Balkan Revolts

(1875)

Montenegro, Serbia, Romania, and Bulgaria gain independence from the Ottoman Empire

Berlin-to-Baghdad Railroad

• Germany wanted to build this railroad during the Eastern Question LOOK AT NOTES TITLED NATIONAL SPIRITS

• Germany wanted to do this to keep the Old Man (Ottoman Empire) Alive

Black Hand

• Serbian Terrorist Organization

• Promoted the liberation of Serbs from the Hapsburg Rule and the Ottoman Empire

• Planned the Assassination of Franz Ferdinand

  THIS IS CONNECTED TO GAVRILO PRINCIP GO LOOK AT THAT SLIDE TO CONNECT THE DOTS!!!!

Communist Manifesto

• Written by Karl Marx in 1848

• Predicts Capitalism will destroy itself

• Predicts the Emergence of a Classless Society

class consciousness

class-con·​scious ˈklas-ˈkän(t)-shəs. 1. : actively aware of one's common status with others in a particular economic or social level of society. 2. : believing in class struggle. IDK ABOUT THIS ONE I CANT REMEMBER HIM GIVING US A CLEAR DEFINITION ( if anyone remembers you can email me )

Crimean War

(1854-1856)

• Ended Treaty of Paris 1856

• Russia gives up claims to Moldova and Wallachia

• Ottoman Empire is Forced to grant equal rights to Christians in the Balkans

Das Kapital

• How Marx says communism will come about

• The exploitation of Workers will lead to the self destruction of Capitalism

Eastern Question

• The set of Opportunities and Difficulties arising from the decay of the Ottoman Empire

• Dates to the Russo.-Turkish War (1774)

• Each of the Major Powers had its own interests and anxieties

• Major Powers=Russia, Germany, Britain, France, Austria-Hungary, and Italy

Egyption Revolt

(1833)-Signaled the Decay of the Ottoman Empire

Ems Dispatch

WARNING-I don’t have a great explanation of this.

• Otto von Bismark provokes the Franco-Prussian War

• Told France the King was the Bad guy

• Told Germany the Prince was the Bad guy

• Somehow caused the War

  (If anyone knows this one please email me or ask Wrigley or something)

Franco-Prussian War

• Caused by the Ems Dispatch

• Alsace-Loraine is ceded to Germany

Greek Revolt

(1821-1832) signaled the decay of the Ottoman Empire

Marxism

• Feudalism-Capitalism-Directly to Anarchism-Communism

• Capitalism will eventually fail and lead to Communism

  LOOK AT NOTES TITLED THE BIG IDEAS

Natural Selection

On the Origin of Species

• Written by Charles Darwin in 1859

• Introduced the Scientific Theory of Evolution

Overman

An overman as described by Zarathustra, the main character in Thus Spoke Zarathustra, is the one who is willing to risk all for the sake of enhancement of humanity

(This is the best description I could find) Just remember it is in Friedrich Nietzsche’s book Thus Spake Zarathustra. REMEMBER THE TIGHT ROPE

Plan XVII

• French Plan to attack Alsace and Lorraine

Realpolitik

• The politics of reality

• Term used by Otto von Bismark

Revanchism

• The Spirit the arose in France after the Franco-Prussian War

• Basically a spirit of revenge against Germany

Risorgimento

What they called the unification of Italy

Schlieffen Plan

• Germany Invades Belgium/Luxembourg to invade France/presupposes the French Plan 17

• This plan goes wrong

• Von Kluck goes the wrong way and Germany holds the line and does not give ground

• Moltke Changed the Number of Troops from 34-4 to 30-8

Scramble for Africa

European countries started claiming land in Africa and Fighting over it

The Influence of Sea Power on History

Written by Alfred Thayer Mahan

Says you wont be a major power if you don’t have a great Navy

Otto von Bismark disagree

Three Emperors League

Thus Spake Zarathustra

Treaty of Paris (1856)

• Ended the Crimean War (1856)

• Forced Russia to Surrender Bessarabia to the Ottoman Empire

Triple Alliance

Triple Entente

The System that developed in Europe by 1914

1. 1882 Franco-Russian Alliance

2. 1907 Anglo-French Entente

3. 1911 Anglo-Prussian Accord

   These together formed the Triple Entente