chapter 3: the war in the west

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22 Terms

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frontier

an undeveloped area

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comstock lode

in 1859, a miner named henry comstock found a huge deposit of gold and silver in nevada. produced more than 500 million worth of gold and silver and lured thousands of california miners to nevada

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boomtowns

communities that grew suddenly when a mine opened

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cattle kingdom

the great plains from texas to canada where many ranchers raised cattle in the late 1800s

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cattle drive

long journeys where cowboys herded cattle to the market or to the northern plains for grazing

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chisholm trail

ran from san antonio, texas, to the cattle town of abilene, kansas. it was one of the earliest and most popular routes for cattle drive

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pony express

made in 1860. system of messanges on horse back that carried messanges to the west

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transcontinential railroad

a railroad that connected the east to the west and crossed the continent.

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treaty of fort laramie

first treaty between u.s gov. and plains indian

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reservations

areas of federal land set aside for native americans

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crazy horse

native american cheif of oglala, sioux. took part in the battle of little bighorn. was killed after surrendering and imprisonment

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treaty of medicine lodge

took place in 1867. most southerner plains indian agreed to live on reservations

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buffalo soldiers

troops sent by u.s gov that included african american cavalry. the indians also called them this

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george armstrong custer

american civil war officer. his soldiers discovered gold in the black hills of dakotas in 1874. killed in the battle of the little bighorn

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sitting bull

leader of the lakota sioux. protested u.s demands for land

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battle of little bighorn

sioux forces led by crazy horse and sitting bull surrendered and defeated custer bull and his troops

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massacre at wounded knee

last major incident at the great plains. u.s shot and killed about 150 sioux

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long walk

navajo indians were forced to walk a 300-mile march across the desert to a reservation in bosque redondo, new mexico

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geronimo

chiricahua apache indian. he and his bands of raiders avoided capture for many years. in september 1886, he surrendered, thus ending the apache armed resistance

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ghost dance

wovaka, a paiute indian, began this religious movement. it predicted the arrival of paradise for native americans

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sarah winnemucca

a paiute indian who called for reformation in the late 1870s. she gave lectures on problems with the reservation system and spoke out for the fair treatment of her people

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dawes general allotment

act of 1887. tried to lessen traditional influences on indian society by making land ownership private rather than shared