unit 2 (part 1) key terms

schtuff is going down

salutary neglect (1700-1763)

time period where Parliament largely did not enforce regulations in the North American colonies

Ohio River Valley

inland river territory, scene of fierce competition between the French and the English colonists

Treaty of Paris (1763)

ended the French-Indian War, giving England uncontested European control of Northeast North America

Albany Plan of Union

proposal supported by Benjamin Franklin that called for greater unity and home rule among Britain’s N. American colonies

Pontiac’s Rebellion

uprising on the frontier that caused the British to attempt to limit colonial expansion

Proclamation of 1763

legislation in 1763 that prohibited the American colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains

Grenville Tax Program

• Sugar Act - tariff tax on imported goods

• Quartering Act

• Stamp Act

Stamp Act

legislation passed in 1765 that directly taxed the colonists

Stamp Act Crisis

first major negative response to British enforcement of Parliamentary regulation and taxing in the colonies - “no taxation without representation”

Sons/Daughters of Liberty

male and female organizations that enforced the nonimportation agreements, sometimes by coercive means

Commitees of Correspondence

underground networks of communication and propaganda, established by Samuel Adams, that sustained colonial resistance

virtual representation

British governmental theory that Parliament spoke for all British subjects, including Americans, even if they did not vote for its members

Stamp Act Crisis

• Parliament repealed the Stamp Act

• Declaratory Act (1766)

  • asserted Parliament’s power to tax and make laws for colonies

Townshend Acts - 1767

series of laws passed by Parliament that taxed certain items such as glass, lead, paper, and tea - tariffs

writs of assistance

blank search warrants used by British authorities to regulate smuggling in the North American colonies

Boston Massacre

1770 incident in which British officers responded to a protest by opening fire on civilians, killing 5 and injuring 6 others

Tea Act (1773)

legislation that granted a monopoly to the British East India Company

Boston Tea Party - Dec 1774

event staged by disguised Indians to sabotage British support of a British East India Company monopoly

Quebec Act

legislation in 1774 that extended the southern boundary of the French-speaking settlers past the Great Lakes and to the Ohio River

First Continental Congress

body led by John Hancock that issued a Declaration of Rights and signified growing unification among the colonies

crown responds

Massachusetts is in rebellion, get control of North America

Lexington and Concord

site where hostilites commenced between colonial militia and British regulars - April 1775

Continental Congress

1. militias are the Continental Army commanded by George Washington

2. Olive Branch Petition

Common Sense

inflammatory pamphlet that demanded and heaped scorn on “the Royal Brute of Great Britain”

Pennsylvania Gradual Abolition Act

passed in 1780, it was the first law to begin the process of emancipation in the United States (several Northern states followed)

Sullivan Expedition

scorched-earth campaign against the Iroquois Confederacy during the Revolutionary War