Pituitary Gland Set 10
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21 Terms
1
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How many hormones does the pituitary gland produce?
8
2
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\# of Anterior lobe hormones
6
3
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\# of Posterior lobe hormones
2
4
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Where is the pituitary gland?
sella turcica
5
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What happens if the *Optic Chiasm* in the pituitary gland is compressed?
Pituitary gland adenoma
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*Field of vision defects*
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*Field of vision defects*
6
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What is **Prolactin** essential for?
Lactation
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What happens to the levels of **Prolactin** during pregnancy?
◦Increases during pregnancy
◦peak level at term
◦peak level at term
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Cause of **Hyperprolactinemia**
Increased prolactin secretion from the pituitary gland
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What’s the most common abnormality associated with pituitary adenomas?
Hyperprolactinemia
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How is prolactinomas associated with amenorrhea?
Amenorrhea is the loss of normal periods.
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It is caused by the interference of prolactin on the normal fluctuation of %%__LHRH__%%
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Higher prolactin = greater likelihood of amenorrhea
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It is caused by the interference of prolactin on the normal fluctuation of %%__LHRH__%%
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Higher prolactin = greater likelihood of amenorrhea
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Hyperprolactinemia affects which age group primarily?
Affects premenopausal women, does not affect post.
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In premenopausal women the release of __GnRH__ is inhibited.
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Hypogonadism is an associated synonym
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In premenopausal women the release of __GnRH__ is inhibited.
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Hypogonadism is an associated synonym
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If someone has Galacctorrhea can their prolactin levels be normal?
Yes
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Symptoms associated with hypogonadism?
Infertility, oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea
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*rare galactorrhea*
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*rare galactorrhea*
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> 15 ng/mL
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What kind of prolactin level is this?
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What kind of prolactin level is this?
High for women at a reproductive age
15
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> 100 ng/mL
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What kind of prolactin level is this?
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What kind of prolactin level is this?
Typically associated with overt hypogonadism
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20- 50 ng/mL
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Is someone has this prolactin level what does it mean?
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Is someone has this prolactin level what does it mean?
Mildly increased result
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Can cause infertility even if there is no abnormality of the menstrual cycle
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Can cause infertility even if there is no abnormality of the menstrual cycle
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What other endocrine disorder can cause hyperprolactinemia?
Primary hypothyroidism
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Increases TRH (thyroid releasing hormone) by the hypothalamus
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TFH stimulates prolactin (and TSH) release.
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Increases TRH (thyroid releasing hormone) by the hypothalamus
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TFH stimulates prolactin (and TSH) release.
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When would prolactin be measured?
Measure prolactin in all with fertility problems or galactorrhea
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Explain these prolactin lab results:
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Normal levels of prolactin
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What prolactin level is indicative of an adenoma?
> 100
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> 300 is virtually diagnostic
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> 300 is virtually diagnostic
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Why is prolactin important in pregnancy?
Without prolactin there will not be any milk production