Psych Vocab Quiz 2

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20 Terms

1
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What is conformity?

Adjusting to one’s behavior to line up with a group’s unspoken rules, norms, and expectations.

2
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What is obedience?

Following direct commands usually from authority figures.

3
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What characterizes an individualistic culture?

Culture that places value on the individual, such as many European societies and the USA.

4
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What is a collectivist culture?

Culture that places value on the group, such as society or family, commonly found in many Asian societies.

5
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Define multiculturalism.

The idea that multiple cultures can coexist in a society, with both majority and minority groups supporting these cultural differences.

6
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What is group polarization?

The phenomenon in which group interaction reinforces the majority point of view and shifts that view to a more extreme position.

7
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What does groupthink refer to?

Faulty decision-making that occurs when a highly cohesive group tries to stay in agreement and avoids critical thinking.

8
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What is social loafing?

The tendency for people to exert less effort in a group than when they are individually accountable.

9
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Define deindividuation.

The loss of self-restraint when group members feel anonymous; being in a crowd reduces guilt and self-awareness.

10
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What is diffusion of responsibility?

The phenomenon where, in the presence of multiple people, each individual feels less responsibility to act.

11
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What is social facilitation?

Performing in front of a group causes well-known tasks to be done better than performing them alone.

12
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What is the false consensus effect?

People often overestimate the extent to which others agree with them.

13
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Define a superordinate goal.

A goal that requires people of different backgrounds to work together, reducing stereotyping and negative attitudes.

14
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What is a social trap?

A situation where individuals acting in their own self-interest cause the entire group to be worse off.

15
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What do industrial-organizational psychologists study?

The study of how people act at work, including effects of management practices, workplace relationships, and burnout.

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What is prosocial behavior?

Behavior that benefits other people.

17
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Define altruism.

Unselfish actions that benefit others.

18
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What is the social reciprocity norm?

The unwritten rule that if people do something nice for you, you feel obligated to return the favor.

19
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What is the social responsibility norm?

The unwritten rule that one should assist those in need, especially vulnerable groups, when possible.

20
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What is the bystander effect?

The more people who witness a negative event, the less likely they are to help the person in need.