AP PSYCHOLOGY UNIT 6: Developmental Psychology Set I

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Developmental Psychology

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20 Terms

1

Developmental Psychology

A branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span.

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2

Zygote

The fertilized egg; it enters a 2-week period of rapid cell division and develops an embryo.

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3

Embryo

The developing human organism, from about 2 weeks after fertilization through the second month.

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4

Fetus

The developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth.

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5

Teratogens

Agents, such as chemicals and viruses, that can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal development and cause harm.

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6

Habituation

Decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.

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7

Maturation

Biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience.

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8

Schema

A concept or framework that organizes and interprets information.

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9

Assimilation

Interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas.

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10

Accommodation

Adapting our current understandings to incorporate new information.

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11

Sensorimotor stage

In Piaget’s theory, the stage during which infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities.

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12

Object permanence

The awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived.

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13

Preoperational stage

In Piaget’s theory, the stage during which a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic.

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14

Conservation

The principle that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects.

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15

Egocentrism

In Piaget’s theory, the preoperational child’s difficulty taking another’s point of view.

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16

Theory of Mind

People’s ideas about their own and others’ mental states — about their feelings, perceptions, and thoughts, and the behaviors these might predict.

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17

ASD

A disorder that appears in childhood and is marked by significant deficiencies in communication and social interaction, and by rigidly fixated interests and repetitive behaviors.

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18

Concrete operational stage

In Piaget’s theory, the stage of cognitive development during which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events.

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19

Formal operational stage

In Piaget’s theory, the stage of cognitive development during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts.

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20

Stranger anxiety

The fear of strangers that infants commonly display, beginning by about 8 months of age.

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