Studied by 7 people
Kw
ion- product constant (or the dissociation constant for water)
Oxyacids
________- acidic proton is attached to an oxygen atom.
Vinegar
contains acetic acid and is used in salad dressings.
Arrhenius concept
acids produce hydrogen ions in aqueous solution, while bases produce hydroxide ions.
Conjugate base
everything that remains of the acid molecule after a proton is lost.
Salts
that consist of the cations of strong bases and the anions of strong acids have no effect on [H+] when dissolved in water.
Acid base equilibria
must focus on the solution components and their chemistry.
Common ion effect
shift in equilibrium position that occurs because of the addition of an ion already.
Amphoteric
can behave either as an acid or as a base.
amount of protons
Buffering capacity- ________ or hydroxide ions the buffer can absorb without a significant change in pH.
Acid strength
equilibrium position of its dissociation (ionization) reaction.
Lewis base
an electron- pair donor.
conjugate acid
Kb always refers to the reaction of a base with water to form the ________ and the hydroxide ion.
Organic acids
acids with a carbon atom backbone, commonly contain the carboxyl group.
Conjugate acid
formed when the proton is transferred to the base.
Arrhenius concept
acids produce hydrogen ions in aqueous solution, while bases produce hydroxide ions
Brønsted-Lowry model
an acid is a proton (H+) donor, and a base is a proton acceptor
conjugate base
everything that remains of the acid molecule after a proton is lost
conjugate acid
formed when the proton is transferred to the base
conjugate acid-base pair
two substances related to each other by the donating and accepting of a single proton
Ka
acid dissociation constant
Acid strength
equilibrium position of its dissociation(ionization) reaction
strong acid
equilibrium lies far to the right
weak acid
equilibrium lies far to the right
diprotic acid
acid having two acidic protons
oxyacids
acidic proton is attached to an oxygen atom
Organic acids
acids with a carbon atom backbone, commonly contain the carboxyl group
monoprotic acids
acid having one acidic protons
amphoteric
can behave either as an acid or as a base
Kw
ion-product constant (or the dissociation constant for water)
pH scale
represent solution acidity
acid-base equilibria
must focus on the solution components and their chemistry
triprotic acid
acid having three acidic protons
Lewis Acid-base model
An even more general model for acid-base behavior
Lewis acid
an electron-pair acceptor
Lewis base
an electron-pair donor
common ion effect
shift in equilibrium position that occurs because of the addition of an ion already
buffered solution
resists a change in its pH when either hydroxide ions or protons are added
buffering capacity
amount of protons or hydroxide ions the buffer can absorb without a significant change in pH
Note 
Flashcard (29)