Growth and the cell cycle

How do bacteria monitor genome integrity?

Bacteria monitor genome integrity and can induce the SOS response if replication forks encounter DNA damage.

What are the main types of cell division in eukaryotes?

Cell division in eukaryotes occurs through mitosis for growth and healing, and meiosis for producing sex cells (eggs and sperm).

Nucleoid occlusion

In bacteria, cell division is coordinated with chromosome segregation to prevent the cell division ring from forming over the nucleoid

FtsK DNA Translocase

protein found in bacteria that plays a crucial role in the final stages of cell division. A molecular motor that moves along DNA strands, ensuring that the replicated chromosomes are properly segregated into the daughter cells

KOPS

FtsK-orienting polarised sequence (5’-GGGNAGGG-3’)

A chromosome dimer

a single circle formed when two daughter chromosomes join together during bacterial replication. it must be resolved so each daughter cell receives a complete copy of the genome.

Successful Chromosome Segregation

depends on FtsK and XerCD

E. coli chromosomes are apportioned into cell halves during replication

Bacteria do not have strict cell cycle control, spo no need
to prevent re-replication
Bacterial chromosomes are pumped into the cell halves by FtsK, so possibly no need for a dedicated chromosome movement system
possibly no need to organize the chromosome