* one-off - producing a single product * batch - made in a specific quantity * mass/continuous - made in large quantities usually 24/7, are in high demand
2
New cards
advantages of one-off production
* unique product * answers exact customer needs and wants
3
New cards
disadvantages of one-off production
* highly skilled workers required * individually designed so more expensive * company needs to be flexible to adapt to jobs
4
New cards
examples of one-off products
* clothing for certain celebs * personalised/custom sneakers
5
New cards
advantages of batch production
* end product will be cheaper to sell than process of production * good for when an item goes out of fashion or sells poorly
6
New cards
disadvantages of batch production
* expensive to set up production lines and equipment * production line needs to be flexible * initial set up can be expensive
7
New cards
examples of batch products
* limited edition products * electronic products
8
New cards
advantages of mass/continuous production
* products usually are simplistic and don’t require too many components to assemble * end product is usually cheap * labour costs are cheap, not many skilled workers required
9
New cards
disadvantages of mass/continuous production
* initial set up is very expensive * quality control issues need to be in place
10
New cards
examples of mass/continuous production
* food products
11
New cards
JIT manufacturing
* just in time, sometimes known as LEAN manufacturing * aims to reduce flow times within production system and response times from suppliers and to customers * focuses on efficient use of time and storing small amounts of stock/components * no warehouse or storage
12
New cards
advantages of JIT manufacturing
* reduces waste * no warehouse thus lower costs * reduces time
13
New cards
disadvantages of JIT manufacturing
* very sensitive to any type of error * will not be able to adapt to sudden increase in demand
14
New cards
examples of JIT manufacturing
* car manufacturers
15
New cards
modular/cell production
* horse-shoe shaped * involves a team of workers to finish a product * workers can move around, makes them more skilled, less monotonous * different cells for different parts of product
16
New cards
quality assurance
* ensuring issues don’t happen before production * e.g. using trained staff, high quality tools
17
New cards
quality control
* ensuring issues don’t happen during production * e.g. checking product over production