Cell Cultures Study Guide

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33 Terms

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1st Postulate
Microbe should be in diseased person, but not healthy person
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2nd Posulate
Microbe can be cultured from diseased person
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3rd Posulate
Microbe from culture will cause disease when put into healthy person
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4th Postulate
Microbe can be re-isolated and it will be the same as before
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Cell culture
process of growing cells in a laboratory
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Agar
solid media
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Broth cultures
liquid media (better acess to nutrients)
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Simple media
has only a few nutrients (no special requiremtns)
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Selective media
has additives that allow only certain cells to grow
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Enriched media
additional growth factors (blood agar)
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Differential media
allows multiple microbes to grow but form individual colonies
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Koch’s postulates
four criteria that are used to to identify the causative agent of a particular disease
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Autoclave
sterilizes things using heat, pressure, & steam
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Lypholization
Where the water is removed from the thing (ex. dried bacteria)
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Primary cells
Cells taken directly from animals
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Cell lines
Primary cells that are made imortal
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Contact inhibition
Where eukaryotic cells stop growing when they touch each other
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Fermenters
where large-scale cell cultures are grown in suspension broth cultures
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Microbiological tools
inoculating loops & needles
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Serial dilution
diluting petri dish by a known factor (used to count numer of cells)
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Quadrant streak
Inoculating 4 quadrants on petri dish to isolate colonies
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T-streak
Same as quadrant streak but with only 3 quadrant
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Colony forming units
number of cells
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Continuous streak
One zig-zag across the dish
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Sterilization
to destroy all microbial life + endospores
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Disinfection
to destroy microbal life but NOT endospores
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Antisepsis
use of liquid antimicrobial chemical on skin or living tissue to destroy microorganisms
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Decontamination
process to make something safe to handle
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Cleaning
use of water and detergent to remove materials & reduce number of microorganisms
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Pluripotent stem cells
Can differentiate into any cell in the human body
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Adult stem cells
In tissue/organ and can specialize only to cells in that tissue/organ
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Liquid Media
gives cells better access to nutrients
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Factors that influence cell growth
Temperature, pH, oxygen and availiable nutrients