Chapter 6: Thermal Energy

SI units

In ________, temperature is measured in kelvins (K)

coolant

A(n) ________ is a substance that is used to absorb heat.

convection

When ________ occurs, more energetic particles move from one place to another.

radiator

A(n) ________ is a closed metal container that contains hot water or steam.

Thermodynamics

________: Study of the relationship among thermal, energy, and heat.

passive solar

In a(n) ________ heating system, radiant energy from the Sun is transferred to the room through windows.

Temperature

________: a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in the object.

source of energy

All heating systems require some ________.

constant motion

Conduction occurs because particles in matter are in ________.

Insulator

________: A material in which heat flows slowly.

Convection currents

________ transfer heat from warmer to cooler parts of the fluid.

thermal energy

If the temperature doesnt change, the ________ in an object increases if the mass of the object increases.

heat pump

A(n) ________ is a two- way heat mover.

Radiation

________: the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves.

Convection

________: the transfer of thermal energy in a fluid by the movement of warmer and cooler fluid from place to place.

thermal energy

In fluids, ________ can be transferred by convection.

Thermal Energy

The sum of the kinetic and potential energy of all the particles in an object

Heat

thermal energy that flows from something at a higher temperature to something at a lower temperature

Specific Heat

he amount of heat that is needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of some material by 1°C

Conduction

the transfer of thermal energy by collisions between particles in matter

Convection

the transfer of thermal energy in a fluid by the movement of warmer and cooler fluid from place to place

Radiation

the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves

Solar Collectors

absorbs radiant energy from the Sun

Thermodynamics

Study of the relationship among thermal, energy, and heat

First Law of Thermodynamics

the increase in thermal energy of a system equals the work done on the system plus the heat transferred to the system

Second Law of Thermodynamics

It is impossible for heat to flow from a cool object to a warmer object unless work is done

Heat Engine

A device that converts heat into work

Internal Combustion Engine

The heat engine in a car