Studied by 29 peoplecisterns
the invention of these allowed people to settle far from springs
Shiloh
where the Ark of the Covenant resided for most of the time
Judges
book of the Bible that first mentions the Philistines
Caphtor/Crete
origin of the PhilistinesM
Merneptah Stele
contains the earliest known reference to Israel outside of the Bible
Ugarit
provides first genuine extrabiblical information about Canaanite religious ideas and practices
Ugarit
contains a story similar to Job
Ugarit psalms
provide a rich literary backcloth to the psalms
Judges and beginning of monarchy
period in which the largest number of household altars have been found in Israel
horned altars
altars with horn-like projections on each corner
Gath, Gaza, Ashkelon, Ashdod, Ekron
Five cities of the Philistine Confederation
metallurgists
The Philistines were depicted by the Bible as expert ___________________________.
11th
century in which the Philistines reached peak power
battle by championship
common method of battle for the Philistines
sling
David's weapon to kill Goliath, which was common at the time
only two central pillars as sole support of roof
main difference between the Philistine Temple and Canaanite and Solomon's Temples, which would help clarify the story of Samson "bringing down the house"
lyrics found in royal tombs of Ur
discovery that proves royalty in Ancient Near East enjoyed being entertained by court musicians
rebellion/freedom from a royal overlord
what cutting off the hem of Saul's garment was equal to
commemorating victories
practice of pagan kings that Israel did not follow
Hebron
capital where David reigned for 7 years
Ishbosheth
reigned over Israel while David reigned over Judah
Jerusalem
David's new capital upon the death of Ishbosheth
control of trade routes
main source of income for King Solomon
Temple, palace
Solomon's two great building projects
lumber, gold, workmen, ships and sailors
what King Hiriam provided Solomon with
continuous occupation, competing religious claims, political unrest
three reasons many areas have not been excavated
Dan Stele
proves the existence of David by referring to Damascus' victory over the house of David
founding of Carthage
important event in history that historians link the construction of the Temple in Jerusalem to
long-room style with door on short side
style in which Solomon built his Temple
Ain Dara
Temple with storage areas on three sides and two pillars at the entrance like the Temple of Solomon
Hazor, Megiddo, Gezer
Solomon's fortifications at the strategic cities
beside Eloth, on the shore of the Red Sea, in the land of Edom
location of Ezion-Geber
Gezer Calendar
paleo-Hebrew script containing sequence of normal agricultural events for the area
Gezer Calendar
helped to date developments in the Hebrew language and scripts
ashlars
another name for high-quality beveled rocks
Dan and Bethel
where Jeroboam built worships centers to keep his people from returning to Jerusalem for worship
85
number of settlements Shishak conquered
Rehoboam
paid large sums of tribute to Shishak to spare Jerusalem
Arameans of Damascus
who the northern kingdom of Israel had frequent battles with
Ramoth Gilead
where at least 18 battles between Isreal and the Arameans occurred
Ahab
provided the most hcariots in the Battle of Qarpar
Jehu
king showed bowing before the Assyrian King Shalmaneser III
Jeroboam II
king during which the peak of Israelite expansion and prosperity reached its peak
722 B.C.
Samaria fell to the Assyrians under the leadership of Shalmaneser V
Jeroboam
built the largest monumental city gate in Dan ever found in Palestine
Moabite Stone
reveals Omri conquered Moab and restored it to the control of Israel
Rehoboam
king during the time in which Shishak came up against Jerusalem and took the treasures of the Lord's house away
fire, rain, oil and corn, river
four motifs of Elijah and Elisha
Assurnasirpal
marked the beginning of Assyria's policy of cruelty
Ahab
given credit for fielding the second largest army and over half the chariots in the coalition against Assyria
Babylonian King List
confirms the use of the name "Pul" for Tiglath-Pileser in 1 Kings 15:19
Pul
name used for Tiglath-Pileser in 1 Kings 15:19
Ashur
chief god of Assyria
Menahem
first king of the Northern Kingdom to play tribute to Tiglath-Pileser III
Ahaz
king who appealed to Tiglath-Pileser III for help, incurring the wrath of the prophet Isaiah
Hezekiah
king who initiated religious reforms and built a water tunnel to direct water from the Gihon spring to a pool inside the city
Gihon spring
spring King Hezekiah built a tunnel to divert to another pool inside the city
Sennacherib's invasion of Judah in 70 B.C.
one of the best documented events in the ancient world
597 B.C.
Nebuchadnezzar invades Judah, deporting more than 10,000 Judeans and King Jehoichin
10,000 Judeans, King Jehoichin
those carried away in Nebuchadnezzar's 597 B.C. invasion of Judah
Hezekiah
best documented biblical figure from the period of the divided monarchy
Siloam
pool into which Hezekiah redirected the Gihon Spring to prepare for an attack from Sennacherib
False
True/False: Sennacherib destroyed all of the fortified cities of Judah, including Jerusalem
Lachish
portrayals of Sennacherib's destruction of this Judean city depicted on the walls of his royal palace in Nineveh
Sennacherib
Assyrian king well-known for his atrocities
houses that were broken down
Hezekiah built a new wall quickly in front of the old wall from ____________________________.
True
True/False: Even though he only reigned three months, the Jews in exile still viewed Jehoiachin as their legitimate monarch.
Yaukin
a name used in Nebuchadnezzar's lists of ration allowances scholars have agreed refers to Jehoiachin
establishing an accurate chronology of kings
this proved difficult for many years until Edwin R. Thiele published his study on the chronology of kings
Edwin R. Thiele
published a study on the chronology of kings
accession, nonaccession
two ways of numbering a king's reign
accession
method of numbering a king's reign in which a king is given credit for the year in which he died with the next king's reign beginning the following year
nonaccession
method of numbering a king's reign in which the king is given credit for the year in which he dies, while the successor counts that same year as the start of his own reign
his own
the chronological system a scribe would use when referencing events in other countries
Samaria
capital of the Kingdom of Israel
Omri
king responsible for Samaria's construction
Samaria
only major city in Palestine known to have been founded by Israelites
Jerusalem
more idols discovered in this city than anywhere else in the whole country
Ketef-Hinnom (Aaronic Benediction)
oldest known copy of Biblical text
Sargon
king's existence that was questioned because it was absent from the list of Assyrian kings in the Khorsabad Kings list
Sargon
king we know more about than any other Assyrian king
ostraca
pottery sherds with inscriptions or writing on them
Israelite sanctuary
a surprising discovery at Arad
hanging gardens
one oft he seven wonders of the world built by Nebuchadnezzar in Babylon for his wife
Ishtar Gate
most famous gate of the eight gates in Babylon's double wall defense system
Amos
condemned Samaria for her houses of ivory
bullae
a number of these have been found that verify the names mentioned by Jeremiah or associated with him
Baruch
a bullae seal found with this man's name and partial fingerprint on it
Lachish Letters
written during the time of Jeremiah and King Zedekiah, just before the Babylonian siege, describing the terrible conditions
Lachish Letters
one of the most important extra-Biblical sources available for Hebrew language and handwriting, and for the history of Judah in the days of Jeremiah
olive presses
hundreds of these found in the inland plains and in Samaria, most likely from the time of Isaiah, confirming a large number of people partook in this endeavor
outside city limits
where the Israelites buried their dead
assassination
how Isaiah prophesied that Sennacherib would die
Babylonian Chronicles
where Sennacherib's death by assassination as predicted by Isaiah is recorded
Arad, Be'er-sheva
two high places in Negev
Hezekiah
stopped the pagan worship in the Negev high places
tartan
Assyrian term for supreme commander
rab saris
Assyrian term for chief officer
supreme commander
tartan
chief officer
rab saris
Note
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