Intramolecular & Intermolecular forces- chem
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20 Terms
Intramolecular forces
Forces (bonds) that hold atoms together within a molecule.
Intermolecular forces
Forces that hold molecules together (between molecules).
Intramolecular forces are
Forces that exist within a molecule.
Ionic Bonding
A type of intramolecular force formed through the transfer of electrons between atoms.
Covalent Bonding
A type of intramolecular force formed when atoms share electrons.
Hydrogen Bonding is
An intermolecular force that occurs between molecules with hydrogen covalently bonded to nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine.
Dipole-Dipole Interactions
An intermolecular force occurring between polar molecules.
London Dispersion Forces
The weakest intermolecular forces, caused by temporary fluctuations in electron density in molecules.
What are intramolecular forces?
Forces (bonds) that hold atoms together in a molecule.
What are intermolecular forces?
Forces that hold together different molecules.
What type of bonding occurs in ionic bonding?
Transfer of electrons between atoms.
What type of bonding occurs in covalent bonding?
Sharing of electrons between atoms.
What is the strongest intermolecular force studied?
Hydrogen bonding.
What are dipole-dipole interactions?
Attractions between polar molecules due to their partial charges.
What are London dispersion forces?
Weak attractions that occur due to random electron movement in all molecules.
Hydrogen Bonding
Occurs when a hydrogen atom is bonded to a highly electronegative atom.
What makes hydrogen positively charged in hydrogen bonding?
Electronegativity of nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine pulls electron density away from hydrogen.
What occurs during dipole-dipole interactions?
Polar molecules interact with the partial negative end of another polar molecule.
What are the main characteristics of London dispersion forces?
Temporary attractions due to random electron movements.
Why are London dispersion forces considered weak?
Because they result from brief, temporary attractions between molecules.