digestive system 🍰

amylase

enzyme found in mouth that causes chemical digestion

catalyst

a substance that speeds up chemical reaction, can be used again + again

digestion

break down of large food molecules into smaller molecules

enzymes

type of catalyst found in living organisms, made of protein

peristalsis

where food moves through the esophagus

name the whole digestive system

mouth, windpipe, epiglottis, salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, gallbladder, liver, large intestine, small intestine, duodenum, rectum, anus

mouth

chew food, enzymes, break down food

salivary glands

produces amylase

epiglottis

open and closed windpipe when you swallow

windpipe

leads to respritory system

esophagus

carries food from mouth to stomach

stomach

stores + churns food, acid softens food + kills bacteria

liver

makes bile for fat digestion, stores vitamins + minerals, removes toxins, breaks down fat

gallbladder

stores bile

pancreas

makes enzymes amylase + lipase

duodenum

first part of small intestine

large intestine

reabsorbs water into the blood stream, forms + stores faeces, contains good bacteria help provide vitamins b + k

small intestine

absorption of nutrients

rectum

stores + removes faeces

anus

end of digestive canal, faeces exit

stages of human digestion

ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation, egestion

ingestion

food enters alimentary canal when it is placed in the canal

digestion

complex food molecules become simple

absorption

molecules pass through intestines into blood

assimilation

nutrients put to use

egestion

waste removed + exits

enzymes e.g

starch to maltose

why is it important for teeth

break down food so more surface area for amylase

how much food can the stomach hold

2L

what chemicals are in the stomach

enzymes + hydrochloric acid

what is the stomach layered with

mucus, prevent acids + enzymes damaging wall

how long is the small intestine

6M

what percentage of digestion occurs in the small intestine

90%

duodenum use

chemical digestion, produce digestive enzymes

diffusion

nutrients entering small intestine + broken down small enough to pass through walls of the intestine

villi

covers small intestine with small folds, one cell thick, own capillaries, nutrients to circulatory system

pancreas juice

pancreatic juice

large intestine length

1.5M

how long does the LI hold food

10h - a few days