General Survey and Measurement Key Points

These flashcards cover the key points from the section on the general survey and measurement, addressing various aspects of health assessment and its implications.

General Survey

A study of the whole person, covering the general health state and any obvious physical characteristics.

Areas of General Survey

The general survey covers four areas: physical appearance, body structure, mobility, and behavior.

Physical Appearance

Includes assessment of age, sex, level of consciousness, skin color, facial features, and overall appearance.

Body Structure

Addresses stature, nutrition, symmetry, posture, position, body build or contour, and any obvious deformities.

Mobility

Concerned with gait, range of motion, and the presence of involuntary movement.

Behavior Assessment

Involves facial expression, mood and affect, speech and speech pattern, dress, and personal hygiene.

Weight Measurement

Use a standardized balance or electronic standing scale; the person should remove heavy outer clothing and shoes.

Height Measurement

Use a wall-mounted device or a measuring pole; the person should stand straight and look straight ahead.

Body Mass Index (BMI)

A practical marker of healthy weight for height and an indicator of obesity or malnutrition.

Waist Circumference Measurement

Should be taken along with BMI; excess abdominal fat is an independent risk factor for disease.

Developmental Considerations for Children

Observe interactions with accompanying adults; unexpected behavior may indicate child abuse, mental illness, or developmental disorder.

Changes in Aging Adults

Be aware of changes in posture, appearance, and mobility; by the eighth decade, features may angulate and body proportions may redistribute.